how to convert a list to num in scheme?
like convert (1 2 3 4) to 1234~
The problem is characterized by coalescing a list into a single value, strongly suggesting use of a fold:
(define (fold-left op initial items)
(define (loop result rest)
(if (null? rest)
result
(loop (op result (car rest))
(cdr rest))))
(loop initial items))
(define (list->num list)
(fold-left (lambda (value digit)
(+ (* value 10) digit))
0
list))
(list->num '(1 2 3 4))
;Value: 1234
This sounds like a homework question...
Think about powers of ten and what each digit in a number like 1234 actually means.
Here's a solution that uses only tail-recursion
(define (list->num l)
(cond
((null? l) 0)
((null? (cdr l)) (car l))
(else (let ([first (* 10 (car l))][rest (cdr l)])
(list->num (cons (+ first (car rest)) (cdr rest)))))))
Here are two functions from my Standard Prelude that convert between numbers and lists of digits; both take an optional argument that specifies the radix to be used. They are written in standard R4RS Scheme and should work in any recent Scheme system.
(define (digits n . args)
(let ((b (if (null? args) 10 (car args))))
(let loop ((n n) (d '()))
(if (zero? n) d
(loop (quotient n b)
(cons (modulo n b) d))))))
(define (undigits ds . args)
(let ((b (if (null? args) 10 (car args))))
(let loop ((ds ds) (n 0))
(if (null? ds) n
(loop (cdr ds) (+ (* n b) (car ds)))))))
I write the code as following~~~it works, but the code may be too long~~~
(define (power b e)
(define (power-product a b e)
(if (= e 0)
a
(power-product (* a b ) b (- e 1))))
(power-product 1 b e))
(define (length items)
(if (null? items)
0
(+ 1 (length (cdr items)))))
(define (list->num lst)
(if (null? lst)
0
( + (* (power 10 (- (length lst) 1)) (car lst)) (list->num (cdr lst)))))
Since you've posted your working solution, I'll post this. If you can't use let, you can do similar with a helper function.
(define (list->num l)
(let loop ((n 0) (l l))
(if (empty? l)
n
(loop (+ (* 10 n) (car l)) (cdr l)))))
A book like "The Little Schemer" is inexpensive, easy and fun to read, and it really gets you thinking in "Scheme mode". It will help you write more concise solutions.
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