pythons 'print' statement doesn't call the .write() method?
I thought the print
statement just called the .write() method on the sys.stdout
(by default) object.
but having written a subclass like this:
import time
cla开发者_运维技巧ss logfile(file):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
file.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
def write(self, logstr):
if logstr[-1] != '\n': logstr += '\n'
super(logfile, self).write(time.strftime('%D-%T ') + str(logstr))
It seems to work if I create a logfile
object and call the write
method, but when trying to change the sys.stdout
object to an instance of the logfile
it appears as though print
isn't calling write
. Maybe writelines
?
Using this:
#!/usr/bin/python
from myfile import logfile
import sys
sys.stdout = logfile('somefile', 'w')
print 'this is a test'
sys.stdout.write('this is another test')
My output file 'somefile' contains:
this is a test
08/10/11-16:59:47 this is another test
You can see the first line in the output file is what I tried to print
and the second line is what was used in sys.stdout.write
I thought print
just called the write
method- clearly I'm missing something basic.
Apparently this is an limitation of the implementation of Python 2 where print is a statement rather than an expression with side-effects (as it is in Python 3).
I rewrote the code to something that works in Python 3:
from io import FileIO
import time
class logfile(FileIO):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
FileIO.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
def write(self, logstr):
if logstr[-1] == '\n': logstr = logstr[:-1]
super(logfile, self).write(bytes(time.strftime('%D-%T ') + str(logstr), 'UTF-8'))
import sys
sys.stdout = logfile('somefile', 'w')
print("This is a test")
sys.stdout.write('this is another test')
As far as I know there is no way to create the same behaviour in Python 2.
I also tried using from __future__ import print_function
but that made no difference.
If you put the file in an instance variable, it seems to work.
import time
class logfile(object):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.f = file(*args, **kwargs)
def write(self, logstr):
if logstr[-1] != '\n': logstr += '\n'
self.f.write(time.strftime('%D-%T ') + str(logstr))
Unfortunately it logs extra empty lines, here is one solution (print '2', '3', '4'
writes 3 entries):
class logfile(object):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.f = file(*args, **kwargs)
self.c = False
def write(self, logstr):
self.c = not self.c
if logstr[-1] != '\n': logstr += '\n'
if self.c:
self.f.write(time.strftime('%D-%T ') + str(logstr))
This one logs full lines (note: print "4\n", "5"
is still 2 loglines):
class logfile(object):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.f = file(*args, **kwargs)
self.newline = True
def write(self, logstr):
if self.newline:
self.f.write(time.strftime('%D-%T '))
self.f.write(logstr)
self.newline = logstr[-1] == '\n'
Does anybody know how to handle full print statements in 1 loglines?
This article explains your problem. Basically if sys.stdout
is a subclass of file
then print
bypasses sys.stdout.write
and writes directly to sys.stdout.fd
.
The solution to your problem is to use composition instead of subclassing file
.
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