golang获取prometheus数据(prometheus/client_golang包)

2025-04-11 13:09 开发作者：玄德公笔记

1. 创建链接

1.1 语法

语法

func NewClient(cfg Config) (Client, error)

结构体

type Config struct {
    Address      string
    Client       *http.Client
    RoundTripper http.RoundTripper
}

示例

	client, err = api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://10.10.182.112:9090",
	})

1.2 完整示例

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api"
)

func CreatClient() (client api.Client, err error) {
	client, err = api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://10.10.182.112:9090",
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		ret编程客栈urn nil, err
	}
	return client, nil
}


func main() {
	client, err := CreatClient()
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Errorf("%+v", err)
	}
	if client != nil {
		fmt.Println("client创建成功")
	}
}

2. 简单查询

2.1 语法

创建API实例

func NewAPI(c Client) API

查询

func (API) Query(ctx context.Context, query string, ts time.Time, opts ...Option) (Value, Warnings, error)

在context中设置超时

func WithTimeout(parent Context, timeout time.Duration) (Context, CancelFunc)

语法示例

	v1api := proV1.NewAPI(Client)
	ctx := context.Background()
	result, warnings, err := v1api.Query(ctx, "up", time.Now(), proV1.WithTimeout(5*time.Second))

2.2 完整示例

package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api"
	proV1 "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api/prometheus/v1"
	"github.com/prometheus/common/model"
	"time"
)

var Client api.Client

func init() {
	Client, _ = CreatClient()
}

func CreatClient() (client api.Client, err error) {
	client, err = api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://10.10.181.112:9090",
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		return nil, err
	}
	return client, nil
}

func Query() (result model.Value, err error) {
	v1api := proV1.NewAPI(Client)
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	result, warnings, err := v1api.Query(ctx, "up", time.Now(), proV1.WithTimeout(5*time.Second))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	return result, nil
}

func main() {
	result, err := Query()
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Errorf("%q", err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Result:\n%v\n", result)
}

3. 范围值查询

3.1 语法

范围设置

type Range struct {
    Start, End time.Time
    Step       time.Duration
}

语法示例

	r := proV1.Range{
		Start: time.Now().Apythondd(-time.Hour),
		End:   time.Now(),
		Step:  time.Minute,
	}

范围查询

func (API) QueryRange(ctx context.Context, query string, r Range, opts ...Option) (Value, Warnings, error)

语法示例

result, warnings, err := v1api.QueryRange(ctx, "rate(prometheus_tsdb_head_samples_appended_total[5m])", r, proV1.WithTimeout(5*time.Second))

3.2 完整示例

package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api"
	proV1 "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api/prometheus/v1"
	"github.com/prometheus/common/model"
	"time"
)

var Client api.Client

func init() {
	Client, _ = CreatClient()
}

func CreatClient() (client api.Client, err error) {
	client, err = api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://10.10.181.112:9090",
	})
	ifjs err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		return nil, err
	}
	return client, nil
}

func QueryRange() (result model.Value, err error) {
	v1api := proV1.NewAPI(Client)
	//ctx := context.Background()
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	r := proV1.Range{
		Start: time.Now().Add(-time.Hour),
		End:   time.Now(),
		Step:  time.Minute,
	}
	defer cancel()
	result, warnings, err := v1api.QueryRange(ctx, "rate(prometheus_tsdb_head_samples_appended_total[5m])", r, proV1.WithTimeout(5*time.Second))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	return result, nil
}

func main() {
	result, err := QueryRange()
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Errorf("%q", err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Result:\n%v\n", result)
}

4. 获取指标名称和标签

4.1 语法

语法

func (API) Series(ctx context.Context, matches []string, startTime time.Time, endTime time.Time) ([]model.LabelSet, Warnings, error)

语法示例

	lbls, warnings, err := v1api.Series(ctx, []string{
		"{__name__=~\".+\",job=\"prometheus\"}",
	}, time.Now().Add(-time.Hour), time.Now())

说明：

数组里可以写多条
__name__ 表示指标名，等号后边支持正则匹配。
后边可以接一些label，同样支持正则。

比如示例中的job=\"prometheus\"，是我们在prometheus配置文件里写的job名。

LabelSet

type LabelSet map[LabelName]LabelValue

可以看到LabelSet实际是一个map，因此我们可以只打印示例中的指标名：

	for _, lbl := range lbls {
		fmt.Println(lbl["__name__"])
	}

4.1 完整示例（获取所有数据条目）

package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"time"

	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api"
	proV1 "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api/prometheus/v1"
)

var Client api.Client

func init() {
	Client, _ = CreatClient()
}

func CreatClient() (client api.Client, err error) {
	client, err = api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://10.10.181.112:9090",
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		return nil, err
	}
	return client, nil
}

func ExampleAPI_series() {
	v1api := proV1.NewAPI(Client)
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	lbls, warnings, err := v1api.Series(ctx, []string{
		//"{__name__=~\"scrape_.+\",job=\"node\"}",
		"{__name__=~\".+\"}",
	}, time.Now().Add(-time.Hour), time.Now())
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error querying Prometheus: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	fmt.Println("Result:", len(lbls))
	for _, lbl := range lbls {
		//fmt.Println(lbl["__name__"])
		fmt.Println(lbl)
	}
}
func main() {
	ExampleAPI_series()
}

【附官方示例】

https://github.com/prometheus/client_golang/blob/main/api/prometheus/v1/example_test.go

package v1_test

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
	"os"
	"time"

	"github.com/prometheus/common/config"

	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api"
	v1 "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api/prometheus/v1"
)

func ExampleAPI_query() {
	client, err := api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://demo.robustperception.io:9090",
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}

	v1api := v1.NewAPI(client)
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	result, warnings, err := v1api.Query(ctx, "up", time.Now(), v1.WithTimeout(5*time.Second))
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error querying Prometheus: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Result:\n%v\n", result)
}

func ExampleAPI_queryRange() {
	client, err := api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://demo.robustperception.io:9090",
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt编程.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}

	v1api := v1.NewAPI(client)
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	r := v1.Range{
		Start: time.Now().Add(-time.Hour),
		End:   time.Now(),
		Step:  time.Minute,
	}
	result, warnings, err := v1api.QueryRange(ctx, "rate(prometheus_tsdb_head_samples_appended_total[5m])", r, v1.WithTimeout(5*time.Second))
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error querying Prometheus: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Result:\n%v\n", result)
}

type userAgentRoundTripper struct {
	name string
	rt   http.RoundTripper
}

// RoundTrip implements the http.RoundTripper interface.
func (u userAgentRoundTripper) RoundTrip(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
	if r.UserAgent() == "" {
		// The specification of http.RoundTripper says that it shouldn't mutate
		// the request so make a copy of req.Header since this is all that is
		// modified.
		r2 := new(http.Request)
		*r2 = *r
		r2.Header = make(http.Header)
		for k, s := range r.Header {
			r2.Header[k] = s
		}
		r2.Header.Set("User-Agent", u.name)
		r = r2
	}
	return u.rt.RoundTrip(r)
}

func ExampleAPI_queryRangeWithUserAgent() {
	client, err := api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address:      "http://demo.robustperception.io:9090",
		RoundTripper: userAgentRoundTripper{name: "Client-Golang", rt: api.DefaultRoundTripper},
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}

	v1api := v1.NewAPI(client)
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	r := v1.Range{
		Start: time.Now().Add(-time.Hour),
		End:   time.Now(),
		Step:  time.Minute,
	}
	result, warnings, err := v1api.QueryRange(ctx, "rate(prometheus_tsdb_head_samples_appended_total[5m])", r)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error querying Prometheus: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Result:\n%v\n", result)
}

func ExampleAPI_queryRangeWithBasicAuth() {
	client, err := api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://demo.robustperception.io:9090",
		// We can use amazing github.com/prometheus/common/config helper!
		RoundTripper: config.NewBasicAuthRoundTripper("me", "defintely_me", "", api.DefaultRoundTripper),
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}

	v1api := v1.NewAPI(client)
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	r := v1.Range{
		Start: time.Now().Add(-time.Hour),
		End:   time.Now(),
		Step:  time.Minute,
	}
	result, warnings, err := v1api.QueryRange(ctx, "rate(prometheus_tsdb_head_samples_appended_total[5m])", r)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error querying Prometheus: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Result:\n%v\n", result)
}

func ExampleAPI_queryRangeWithAuthBearerToken() {
	client, err := api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://demo.robustperception.io:9090",
		// We can use amazing github.com/prometheus/common/config helper!
		RoundTripper: config.NewAuthorizationCredentialsRoundTripper("Bearer", "secret_token", api.DefaultRoundTripper),
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}

	v1api := v1.NewAPI(client)
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	r := v1.Range{
		Start: time.Now().Add(-time.Hour),
		End:   time.Now(),
		Step:  time.Minute,
	}
	result, warnings, err := v1api.QueryRange(ctx, "rate(prometheus_tsdb_head_samples_appended_total[5m])", r)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error querying Prometheus: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Result:\n%v\n", result)
}

func ExampleAPI_series() {
	client, err := api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://demo.robustperception.io:9090",
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}

	v1api := v1.NewAPI(client)
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	lbls, warnings, err := v1api.Series(ctx, []string{
		"{__name__=~\"scrape_.+\",job=\"node\"}",
		"{__name__=~\"scrape_.+\",job=\"prometheus\"}",
	}, time.Now().Add(-time.Hour), time.Now())
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error querying Prometheus: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	fmt.Println("Result:")
	for _, lbl := range lbls {
		fmt.Println(lbl)
	}
}

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继续阅读：golang获取prometheus

golang获取prometheus数据(prometheus/client_golang包)

目录

1. 创建链接

1.1 语法

1.2 完整示例

2. 简单查询

2.1 语法

2.2 完整示例

3. 范围值查询

3.1 语法

3.2 完整示例

4. 获取指标名称和标签

4.1 语法

4.1 完整示例（获取所有数据条目）

【附官方示例】

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