Regex only allow letters and some characters
I am attempting to create a regex that only allows letters upper or lowercase, and the characters of space, '-', ',' '.', '(', and ')'. This is what I have so far but for some reason it is still letting me enter numbers
^[a-zA-Z -,.()]*$
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any help would be great! Thanks.
-
is special in character class. It is used to define a range as you've done with a-z
.
To match a literal -
you need to either escape it or place it such that it'll not function as range operator:
^[a-zA-Z \-,.()]*$
^^ escaping \
or
^[-a-zA-Z ,.()]*$
^ placing it at the beginning.
or
^[a-zA-Z -,.()-]*$
^ placing it at the end.
and interestingly
^[a-z-A-Z -,.()]*$
^ placing in the middle of two ranges.
In the final case -
is place between a-z
and A-Z
since both the characters surrounding the -
(the one which we want to treat literally) that is z
and A
are already involved in ranges, the -
is treated literally again.
Of all the mentioned methods, the escaping method is recommended as it makes your code easier to read and understand. Anyone seeing the \
would expect that an escape is intended. Placing the -
at the beginning(end) will create problems if you later add a character before(after) it in the character class without escaping the -
thus forming a range.
Well, there is an issue in that -,
is being interpreted as a range, like a-z
, allowing all characters from space to comma. Escape that and at least some of the bugs should be fixed.
^[a-zA-Z \-,.()]*$
Strictly speaking, you should probably also escape the .
and ()
, too, since those have special meaning in regular expressions. The Javascript regex engine (where I was testing) seems to interpret them literally within a []
context, anyway, but it's always far better to be explicit.
^[a-zA-Z \-,\.\(\)]*$
However, this still shouldn't be allowing 0-9
digits, so your actual code that uses this regular expression probably has an issue, as well.
The -,
in [a-zA-Z -,.()]
describes a range from
(0x20) to ,
(0x2C). And that is equivalent to [ !"#$%'()*+,]
. You should either escape the -
or place it somewhere else where it is not interpreted as a range indicator.
But that’s not the cause of this issue as the digits are from 0x30 to 0x39.
I tried that with javascript and it works fine. The others are correct, though. If in javascript, check if everything works fine or else the check will not happen at all.
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