How to write a custom solution using a python package, modules etc

I am writing a packacge foobar which consists of the modules alice, bob, charles and david.

From my understanding of Python packages and modules, this means I will create a folder foobar, with the following subdirectories and files (please correct if I am wrong)

foobar/
  __init__.py
  alice/alice.py
  bob/bob.py
  charles/charles.py
  david/david.py

The package should be executable, so that in addition to making the modules alice, bob etc available a开发者_高级运维s 'libraries', I should also be able to use foobar in a script like this:

python foobar --args=someargs

Question1:

Can a package be made executable and used in a script like I described above?

Question 2

The various modules will use code that I want to refactor into a common library. Does that mean creating a new sub directory 'foobar/common' and placing common.py in that folder?

Question 3

How will the modules foo import the common module ? Is it 'from foobar import common' or can I not use this since these modules are part of the package?

Question 4

I want to add logic for when the foobar package is being used in a script (assuming this can be done - I have only seen it done for modules)

The code used is something like:

if __name__ == "__main__":
  dosomething()

where (in which file) would I put this logic ?

Can a package be made executable and used in a script like I described above?

Q1 and Q4. Yes, place your:

if __name__ == "__main__":
  dosomething()

in foobar/__init__.py

Q2 The various modules will use code that I want to refactor into a common library. Does that mean creating a new sub directory 'foobar/common' and placing common.py in that folder?

No, you have to create foobar/common.py, not foobar/common/common.py. The same is true for all of your modules. Thus the right structure is:

foobar/
  __init__.py
  alice.py
  bob.py
  charles.py
  common.py
  david.py

Doing what you do you're creating package foobar, subpackage alice and module alice in it, etc. That is not what you want as I understand. Furthermore it will not work at all, since a directory becomes a Python package if it contains __init__.py in it, and you haven't created them in your subdirectories.

Q3 How will the modules foo import the common module ? Is it from foobar import common

That's right. You can also simply use import common however it can cause a conflict if your library will be used in a project that has it's own module/package named common. So I prefer to use fully-qualified module names.