Is it possible to renice a subprocess?

I know about os.nice() it works perfect for parent process, but I need to do renice of my child subprocesses. I found way to do this, but it seems to be not very handy and too excessive:

os.system("renice -n %d %d" % ( new_nice, suprocess.pid ) )

And it isn't return resulting nice level after r开发者_运维问答enicing.

Is there more clean way to renice subprocesses in python?

Use the preexec_fn parameter of subprocess.Popen:

If preexec_fn is set to a callable object, this object will be called in the child process just before the child is executed. (Unix only)

Example:

>>> Popen(["nice"]).communicate()
0
(None, None)
>>> Popen(["nice"], preexec_fn=lambda : os.nice(10)).communicate()
10
(None, None)
>>> Popen(["nice"], preexec_fn=lambda : os.nice(20)).communicate()
19
(None, None)

You should use subprocess.Popen instead of os.system, so you can access any results printed to sys.stdout. IIRC, os.system only gives you access to the return value, which is probably '0' and not the nice level.

renice is usually implemented by set/getpriority , which doesn't seem to have made it into the python os or posix module(yet?). So calling the renice system command seems like your best bet now.

As an alternative, you could os.nice the parent before you create a child process - which will inherit its parents nice value - and os.nice back again after you've created the child process.

without proper rights you can renice only in one way

I created a python script with a CLI in the past. You can find it here: https://github.com/jedie/python-code-snippets/blob/master/CodeSnippets/reniceall.py

renice is usually implemented by set/getpriority , which doesn't seem to have made it into the python os or posix module(yet?). So calling the renice system command seems like your best bet now.

Expanding Daniel's comment about ctypes:

from ctypes import cdll
libc = cdll.LoadLibrary("libc.so.6")

for pid in pids:
    print("old priority for PID", pid, "is", libc.getpriority(0, pid))
    libc.setpriority(0, pid, 20)
    print("new priority for PID", pid, "is", libc.getpriority(0, pid))

Result:

old priority for PID 9721 is 0
new priority for PID 9721 is 19

If you want to change the nice of the subprocess without changing the parent, you can start a function which runs the subprocess command with the threading library.

import threading, subprocess

def run():
    os.nice(5)
    subprocess.run(['sha256sum', '/dev/urandom'])

thread = threading.Thread(target=run)
thread.start()