How would one convert a Python string representation of a byte-string to an actual byte-string? [duplicate]

This question already has an answer here: Converting python string into bytes directly without eval() (1 answer) Closed 4 years ago.

I'm trying to figure out how one might convert a string representation of a byte-string into an actual byte-string type. I'm not very used to Python (just hacking on it to help a friend), so I'm not sure if there's some easy "casting" method (like my beloved 开发者_运维百科Java has ;) ). Basically I have a text file, which has as it's contents a byte-string:

b'\x03\xacgB\x16\xf3\xe1\\v\x1e\xe1\xa5\xe2U\xf0g\x956#\xc8\xb3\x88\xb4E\x9e\x13\xf9x\xd7\xc8F\xf4'

I currently read in this file as follows:

aFile = open('test.txt')
x = aFile.read()
print(x) # prints b'\x03\xacgB\x16\xf3\xe1\\v\x1e\xe1\xa5\xe2U\xf0g\x956#\xc8\xb3\x88\xb4E\x9e\x13\xf9x\xd7\xc8F\xf4'
print(type(x)) # prints <class 'str'>

How do I make x be of type <class 'bytes'>? Thanks for any help.

Edit: Having read one of the replies below, I think I'm maybe constraining the question too much. My apologies for that. The input string doens't have to be in python byte-string format (i.e. with the b and the quotation marks), it could just be the plain byte-string:

\x03\xacgB\x16\xf3\xe1\\v\x1e\xe1\xa5\xe2U\xf0g\x956#\xc8\xb3\x88\xb4E\x9e\x13\xf9x\xd7\xc8F\xf4

If this makes it easier or is better practice, I can use this.

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>>> r'\x03\xacgB\x16\xf3\xe1\\v\x1e\xe1\xa5\xe2U\xf0g\x956#\xc8\xb3\x88\xb4E\x9e\x13\xf9x\xd7\xc8F\xf4'.decode('string-escape')
'\x03\xacgB\x16\xf3\xe1\\v\x1e\xe1\xa5\xe2U\xf0g\x956#\xc8\xb3\x88\xb4E\x9e\x13\xf9x\xd7\xc8F\xf4'

This will work for strings that don't have b'...' around it. Otherwise you are encouraged to use ast.literal_eval().

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Since your input is in Python's syntax, for some reason (*), the thing to do here is just call eval:

>>> r"b'\x12\x12'"
"b'\\x12\\x12'"
>>> eval(r"b'\x12\x12'")
'\x12\x12'

Be careful, though, as this may be a security problem. eval will run any code, so you may need to sanitize the input. In your case its simple - just check that the thing you're eval-ing is indeed a string in the format you expect. If security isn't an issue here, just don't bother.

Redarding your EDIT: Still, eval is the simplest approach here (after adding the b'' if it's not there). You could also, of course, do this manually by converting each \xXX to its real value.

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(*) Why, really? This seems like a strange choice for a data representation format