SpringCloud轮询拉取注册表与服务发现流程详解
目录
- 一、前言
- 二、轮询拉取注册表
- 1、构造初始化
- 缓存刷新
- 2、刷新注册表
- 全量拉取注册表
- 3、缓存刷新任务
- 4、增量拉取注册表
- 增量更新到本地缓存
- 三、服务发现
- 1、客户端获取服务实例
- 2、从本地列表获取
一、前言
上一篇我们讨论了关于周期性任务的一些应用等,本篇文章我们来探究一下这些内容:周期性刷新注册表?全量拉取注册表还是增量拉取注册表、更新本地缓存?服务发现的入口、获取本地服务列表?
二、轮询拉取注册表
1、构造初始化
同样是在Spring容器初始化的过程中初始化的,基于SpringBoot自动装配集成。上一节也讲了一部分,这里补充:
@Singleton public class DiscoveryClient implements EurekaClient { ....省略n行代码...... private final ScheduledExecutorService scheduler; // additional executors for supervised subtasks监督子任务的附加执行器 private final ThreadPoolExecutor heartbeatExecutor; private final ThreadPoolExecutor cacheRefreshExecutor; private TimedSupervisorTask cacheRefreshtask; private TimedSupervisorTask heartbeatTask; ....省略n行代码...... // Spring容器初始化时候调用 public DiscoveryClient(ApplicationInfoManager applicationInfoManager, final EurekaClientConfig config, AbstractDiscoveryClientOptionalArgs args) { // 调用下面重载方法 this(applicationInfoManager, config, args, ResolverUtils::randomize); } public DiscoveryClient(ApplicationInfoManager applicationInfoManager, final EurekaClientConfig config, AbstractDiscoveryClientOptionalArgs args, EndpointRandomizer randomizer) { this(applicationInfoManager, config, args, new Provider<BackupRegistry>() { ....省略n行代码...... } @Inject DiscoveryClient(ApplicationInfoManager applicationInfoManager, EurekaClientConfig config, AbstractDiscoveryClientOptionalArgs args, Provider<BackupRegistry> backupRegistryProvider, EndpointRandomizer endpointRandomizer) { try { // default size of 2 - 1 each for heartbeat and cacheRefresh心跳和缓存刷新的默认大小分别为2-1 scheduler = Executors.newScheduledThreadPool(2, new ThreadFactoryBuilder() .setNameFormat("DiscoveryClient-%d") .setDaemon(true) .build()); // 心跳执行者 heartbeatExecutor = new ThreadPoolExecutor( 1, clientConfig.getHeartbeatExecutorThreadPoolSize(), 0, TimeUnit.SECONDS, new SynchronousQueue<Runnable>(), new ThreadFactoryBuilder() .setNameFormat("DiscoveryClient-HeartbeatExecutor-%d") .setDaemon(true) .build() ); // use direct handoff // 缓存刷新执行者 cacheRefreshExecutor = new ThreadPoolExecutor( 1, clientConfig.getCacheRefreshExecutorThreadPoolSize(), 0, TimeUnit.SECONDS, new SynchronousQueue<Runnable>(), new ThreadFactoryBuilder() .setNameFormat("DiscoveryClient-CacheRefreshExecutor-%d") .setDaemon(true) .build() ); // use direct handoff // 初始化通信封装类 eurekaTransport = new EurekaTransport(); ....省略n行代码...... } catch (Throwable e) { throw new RuntimeException("Failed to initialize DiscoveryClient!", e); } // 默认true,可更改配置不建议 if (clientConfig.shouldFetchRegistry()) { try {// 初始化注册表 boolean primaryFetchRegistryResult = fetchRegistry(false); // 下面主要打印失败日志,初始化时控制台可见是处理成功的 if (!primaryFetchRegistryResult) { // 从主服务器初始注册表提取失败 logger.info("Initial registry fetch from primary servers failed"); } boolean backupFetchRegistryResult = true; if (!primaryFetchRegistryResult && !fetchRegistryFromBackup()) { // 如果所有的eureka服务器网址都无法访问,从备份注册表中获取注册表信息也失败。 backupFetchRegistryResult = false; // 从备份服务器初始注册表提取失败 logger.info("Initial registry fetch from backup servers failed"); } if (!primaryFetchRegistryResult && !backupFetchRegistryResult && clientConfig.shouldEnforceFetchRegistryAtInit()) { // 在启动时获取注册表错误。初始获取失败。 throw new IllegalStateException("Fetch registry error at startup. Initial fetch failed."); } } catch (Throwable th) { logger.error("Fetch registry error at startup: {}", th.getMessage()); throw new IllegalStateException(th); } } ....省略n行代码...... // 最后,初始化调度任务(例如,集群解析器、 heartbeat、 instanceInfo replicator、 fetch initScheduledTasks(); ....省略n行代码...... }
主要逻辑:
- 初始化缓存刷新执行器,用于周期性执行任务,下面继续分析
- 默认需要刷新注册表,默认不使用全量拉取,但是初始化时使用下面2分析:会调用注册中心完成注册表初始化,返回是否刷新成功;如果从主服务器初始注册表提取失败打印日志;如果所有的eureka服务器网址都无法访问,从备份注册表中获取注册表信息也失败打印日志;在启动时获取注册表错误,抛异常。
- 可见在2中没有特殊原因的话,一般是使用全量拉取注册表初始化成功了,否则的话抛异常
缓存刷新
大部分逻辑在前面的章节已经分析,TimedSupervisorTask跟发送心跳服务续约逻辑是一样的,这里补充刷新本地服务列表任务。
private void initScheduledTasks() { // 默认true,可更改配置不建议 if (clientConfig.shouldFetchRegistry()) { // registry cache refresh timer注册表缓存刷新计时器 // 默认30 int registryFetchIntervalSeconds = clientConfig.getRegistryFetchIntervalSeconds(); int expBackOffBound = clientConfig.getCacheRefreshExecutorExponentialBackOffBound(); cacheRefreshTask = new TimedSupervisorTask( "cacheRefresh", scheduler, cacheRefreshExecutor, registryFetchIntervalSeconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS, expBackOffBound, new CacheRefreshThread() ); scheduler.schedule( cacheRefreshTask, registryFetchIntervalSeconds, TimeUnit.SECONDS); } if (clientConfig.shouldRegisterWithEureka()) { /* LeaseInfo: public static final int DEFAULT_LEASE_RENEWAL_INTERVAL = 30; // Client settings private int renewalIntervalInSecs = DEFAULT_LEASE_RENEWAL_INTERVAL; */ // 默认30 int renewalIntervalInSecs = instanceInfo.getLeaseInfo().getRenewalIntervalInSecs(); int expBackOffBound = clientConfig.getHeartbeatExecutorExponentialBackOffBound(); logger.info("Starting heartbeat executor: " + "renew interval is: {}", renewalIntervalInSecs); // Heartbeat timer心跳任务 heartbeatTask = new TimedSupervisorTask( "heartbeat", scheduler, heartbeatExecutor, renewalIntervalInSecs, TimeUnit.SECONDS, expBackOffBound, new HeartbeatThread() ); // 默认的情况下会每隔30秒向注册中心 (eureka.instance.lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds)发送一次心跳来进行服务续约 scheduler.schedule( heartbeatTask, renewalIntervalInSecs, TimeUnit.SECONDS); // InstanceInfo replicator实例信息复制任务 instanceInfoReplicator = new InstanceInfoReplicator( this, instanceInfo, clientConfig.getInstanceInfoReplicationIntervalSeconds(), 2); // burstSize // 状态变更监听者 statusChangeListener = new ApplicationInfoManager.StatusChangeListener() { @Override public String getId() { return "statusChangeListener"; } @Override python public void notify(StatusChangeEvent statusChangeEvent) { // Saw local status change event StatusChangeEvent [timestamp=1668595102513, current=UP, previous=STARTING] logger.info("Saw local status change event {}", statusChangeEvent); instanceInfoReplicator.onDemandUpdate(); } }; // 初始化状态变更监听者 if (clientConfig.shouldOnDemandUpdateStatusChange()) { applicationInfoManager.registerStatusChangeListener(statusChangeListener); } // 3.2 定时刷新服务实例信息和检查应用状编程态的变化,在服务实例信息发生改变的情况下向server重新发起注册 instanceInfoReplicator.start(clientConfig.getInitialInstanceInfoReplicationIntervalSeconds()); } else { logger.info("Not registering with Eureka server per configuration"); } }
主要逻辑:
默认需要刷新注册表,要达到服务高可用。
1)clientConfig.getRegistryFetchIntervalSeconds()获取注册表刷新时间,默认30秒,可在配置文件更改;
2)初始化cacheRefreshTask为TimedSupervisorTask类型,跟心跳任务一样处理逻辑,我们这节就只分析CacheRefreshThread刷新缓存逻辑,见3
2、刷新注册表
private boolean fetchRegistry(boolean forceFullRegistryFetch) { Stopwatch tracer = FETCH_REGISTRY_TIMER.start(); try { // If the delta is disabled or if it is the first time, get all // applications如果 delta 被禁用或者是第一次,那么获取所有的应用程序 Applications applications = getApplications(); // shouldDisableDelta默认false if (clientConfig.shouldDisableDelta() || (!Strings.isNullOrEmpty(clientConfig.getRegistryRefreshSingleVipAddress())) || forceFullRegistryFetch || (applications == null) || (applications.getRegisteredApplications().size() == 0) || (applications.getVersion() == -1)) //Client application does not have latest library supporting delta { // 第一次 logger.info("Disable delta property false: {}", clientConfig.shouldDisableDelta()); logger.info("Single vip registry refresh property null: {}", clientConfig.getRegistryRefreshSingleVipAddress()); logger.info("Force full registry fetch false: {}", forceFullRegistryFetch); logger.info("Application is null false: {}", (applications == null)); logger.info("Registered Applications size is zero true: {}", (applications.getRegisteredApplications().size() == 0)); logger.info("Application version is -1true: {}", (applications.getVersion() == -1)); // 全量拉取 getAndStoreFullRegistry(); } else { // 增量拉取 getAndUpdateDelta(applications); } applications.setAppsHashCode(applications.getReconcileHashCode()); logTotalInstances(); } catch (Throwable e) { logger.info(PREFIX + "{} - was unable to refresh its cache! This periodic background refresh will be retried in {} seconds. status = {} stacktrace = {}", appPathIdentifier, clientConfig.getRegistryFetchIntervalSeconds(), e.getMessage(), ExceptionUtils.getStackTrace(e)); return false; } finally { if (tracer != null) { tracer.stop(); } } // Notify about cache refresh before updating the instance remote status // 在更新实例远程状态之前通知缓存刷新 onCacheRefreshed(); // Update remote status based on refreshed data held in the cache // 根据缓存中保存的刷新数据更新远程状态 updateInstanceRemoteStatus(); // registry was fetched successfully, so return true return true; }
主要逻辑:
- 由上面的1.1可见状态变更监听者还没有初始化,从前面的文章也知道它的作用完成服务注册,故这里从本地获取应用就为空。所以先打印下日志,调用全量拉取注册表方法,下面分析。轨迹跟踪对象非空,关闭。
- 在更新实例远程状态之前通知缓存刷新
- 根据缓存中保存的刷新数据更新远程状态
全量拉取注册表
private void getAndStoreFullRegistry() throws Throwable { long currentUpdateGeneration = fetchRegistryGeneration.get(); // 从 eureka 服务器上获取所有实例注册信息 logger.info("Getting all instance registry info from the eureka server"); Applications apps = null; // RegistryRefreshSingleVipAddress默认空 EurekaHttpResponse<Applications> httpResponse = clientConfig.getRegistryRefreshSingleVi开发者_JAVA教程pAddress() == null ? eurekaTransport.queryClient.getApplications(remoteRegionsRef.get()) : eurekaTransport.queryClient.getVip(clientConfig.getRegistryRefreshSingleVipAddress(), remoteRegionsRef.get()); // 响应成功获取应用 if (httpResponse.getStatusCode() == Status.OK.getStatusCode()) { apps = httpResponse.getEntity(); } // 200 logger.info("The response status is {}", httpResponse.getStatusCode()); if (apps == null) { logger.error("The application is null for some reason. Not storing this information"); } else if (fetchRegistryGeneration.compareAndSet(currentUpdateGeneration, currentUpdateGeneration + 1)) { // 缓存到本地 localRegionApps.set(this.filterAndShuffle(apps)); // 如:UP_1_ logger.debug("Got full registry with apps hashcode {}", apps.getAppsHashCode()); } else { logger.warn("Not updating applications as another thread is updating it already"); } }
主要逻辑:
- RegistryRefreshSingleVipAddress默认空,故调用eurekaTransport.queryClient.getApplications(remoteRegionsRef.get())请求注册中心
- 响应成功获取应用
- 如果应用apps空则打印下日志;一般CAS成功,在筛选仅具有 UP 状态的实例的应用程序并对它们进行洗牌之后获取应用程序,缓存到本地localRegionApps(AtomicReference<Applications>类型);否则打印下日志
3、缓存刷新任务
class CacheRefreshThread implements Runnable { @Override public void run() { refreshRegistry(); } } @VisibleForTesting void refreshRegistry() { try { boolean isFetchingRemoteRegionRegistries = isFetchingRemoteRegionRegistries(); boolean remoteRegionsModified = false; // This makes sure that a dynamic change to remote regions to fetch is honored. // 这可以确保对要获取的远程区域的动态更改得到遵守。 // 默认null String latestRemoteRegions = clientConfig.fetchRegistryForRemoteRegions(); if (null != latestRemoteRegions) { String currentRemoteRegions = remoteRegionsToFetch.get(); if (!latestRemoteRegions.equals(currentRemoteRegions)) { // Both remoteRegionsToFetch and AzToRegionMapper.regionsToFetch need to be in sync // RemoteRegionsToFetch 和 AzToRegionMapper.regionsToFetch 都需要同步 synchronized (instanceRegionChecker.getAzToRegionMapper()) { // CAS if (remoteRegionsToFetch.compareAndSet(currentRemoteRegions, latestRemoteRegions)) { String[] remoteRegions = latestRemoteRegions.split(","); remoteRegionsRef.set(remoteRegions); instanceRegionChecker.getAzToRegionMapper().setRegionsToFetch(remoteRegions); remoteRegionsModified = true; } else { // 并发获取修改的远程区域,忽略从{}到{}的更改 logger.info("Remote regions to fetch modified concurrently," + " ignoring change from {} to {}", currentRemoteRegions, latestRemoteRegions); } } } else { // Just refresh mapping to reflect any DNS/Property change // 只需刷新映射以反映任何 DNS/属性更改 instanceRegionChecker.getAzToRegionMapper().refreshMapping(); } } // 刷新注册表 boolean success = fetchRegistry(remoteRegionsModified); if (success) { registrySize = localRegionApps.get().size(); lastSuccessfulRegistryFetchTimestamp = System.currentTimeMillis(); } if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { StringBuilder allAppsHashCodes = new StringBuilder(); allAppsHashCodes.append("Local region apps hashcode: "); allAppsHashCodes.append(localRegionApps.get().getAppsHashCode()); allAppsHashCodes.append(", is fetching remote regions? "); allAppsHashCodes.append(isFetchingRemoteRegionRegistries); for (Map.Entry<String, Applications> entry : remoteRegionVsApps.entrySet()) { allAppsHashCodes.append(", Remote region: "); allAppsHashCodes.append(entry.getKey()); allAppsHashCodes.append(" , apps hashcode: "); allAppsHashCodes.append(entry.getValue().getAppsHashCode()); } logger.debug("Completed cache refresh task for discovery. All Apps hash code is {} ", allAppsHashCodes); } } catch (Throwable e) { logger.error("Cannot fetch registry from server", e); } }
CacheRefreshThread 实现了Runnable接口,但是run()中任务逻辑封装了出去,在refreshRegistry()中处理。在2中分析了初始化时已经使用全量拉取注册表并缓存应用到本地localRegionApps,那么这里使用延迟任务处理的话就会执行增量拉取逻辑了,在下面4分析
4、增量拉取注册表
private void getAndUpdateDelta(Applications applications) throws Throwable { long currentUpdateGeneration = fetchRegistryGeneration.get(); Applications delta = null; // 增量查询获取 EurekaHttpResponse<Applications> httpResponse = eurekaTransport.queryClient.getDelta(remoteRegionsRef.get()); // 响应成功 if (httpResponse.getStatusCode() == Status.OK.getStatusCode()) { delta = httpResponse.getEntity(); } if (delta == null) { // 服务器不允许应用delta修订,因为它不安全。因此得到了完整的登记表,即转换为全量拉取 logger.warn("The server does not allow the delta revision to be applied because it is not safe. " + "Hence got the full registry."); getAndStoreFullRegistry(); } else if (fetchRegistryGeneration.compareAndSet(currentUpdateGeneration, currentUpdateGeneration + 1)) { // CAS成功 logger.debug("Got delta update with apps hashcode {}", delta.getAppsHashCode()); String reconcileHashCode = ""; if (fetchRegistryUpdateLock.tryLock()) { // 加锁成功 try { updateDelta(delta); reconcileHashCode = getReconcileHashCode(applications); } finally { fetchRegistryUpdateLock.unlock(); } } else { logger.warn("Cannot acquire update lock, aborting getAndUpdateDelta"); } // There is a diff in number of instances for some reason出于某种原因,数量有所不同 if (!reconcileHashCode.equals(delta.getAppsHashCode()) || clientConfig.shouldLogDeltaDiff()) { reconcileAndLogDifference(delta, reconcil编程客栈eHashCode); // this makes a remoteCall这个可以远程呼叫 } } else { logger.warn("Not updating application delta as another thread is updating it already"); logger.debug("Ignoring delta update with apps hashcode {}, as another thread is updating it already", delta.getAppsHashCode()); } }
主要逻辑:
- 增量查询获取,响应成功获取数据
- CAS成功并且加锁成功,将响应结果更新到本地,然后释放锁
增量更新到本地缓存
private void updateDelta(Applications delta) { int deltaCount = 0; for (Application app : delta.getRegisteredApplications()) { for (InstanceInfo instance : app.getInstances()) { // 从本地获取,以便更新 Applications applications = getApplications(); String instanceRegion = instanceRegionChecker.getInstanceRegion(instance); if (!instanceRegionChecker.isLocalRegion(instanceRegion)) { Applications remoteApps = remoteRegionVsApps.get(instanceRegion); if (null == remoteApps) { remoteApps = new Applications(); remoteRegionVsApps.put(instanceRegion, remoteApps); } applications = remoteApps; } ++deltaCount; if (ActionType.ADDED.equals(instance.getActionType())) { Application existingApp = applications.getRegisteredApplications(instance.getAppName()); if (existingApp == null) { applications.addApplication(app); } // 将实例{}添加到区域{}中的现有应用程序 // ceam-config:8888,ceam-auth:8005,region null logger.debug("Added instance {} to the existing apps in region {}", instance.getId(), instanceRegion); // 即添加到Application的instancesMap applications.getRegisteredApplications(instance.getAppName()).addInstance(instance); } else if (ActionType.MODIFIED.equals(instance.getActionType())) { Application existingApp = applications.getRegisteredApplications(instance.getAppName()); if (existingApp == null) { applications.addApplication(app); } // 修改现有应用程序的实例{} logger.debug("Modified instance {} to the existing apps ", instance.getId()); applications.getRegisteredApplications(instance.getAppName()).addInstance(instance); } else if (ActionType.DELETED.equals(instance.getActionType())) { Application existingApp = applications.getRegisteredApplications(instance.getAppName()); if (existingApp != null) { // 删除现有应用程序的实例{} logger.debug("Deleted instance {} to the existing apps ", instance.getId()); existingApp.removeInstance(instance); /* * We find all instance list from application(The status of instance status is not only the status is UP but also other status) * if instance list is empty, we remove the application. * 我们从应用程序中找到所有的实例列表(实例状态的状态不仅是状态是 UP, * 还有其他状态)如果实例列表为空,我们删除应用程序。 */ if (existingApp.getInstancesAsIsFromEureka().isEmpty()) { php applications.removeApplication(existingApp); } } } } } logger.debug("The total number of instances fetched by the delta processor : {}", deltaCount); getApplications().setVersion(delta.getVersion()); // 对提供的实例进行洗牌,以便它们不总是以相同的顺序返回。 getApplications().shuffleInstances(clientConfigpython.shouldFilterOnlyUpInstances()); for (Applications applications : remoteRegionVsApps.values()) { applications.setVersion(delta.getVersion()); // 对提供的实例进行洗牌,以便它们不总是以相同的顺序返回。 applications.shuffleInstances(clientConfig.shouldFilterOnlyUpInstances()); } }
主要逻辑:
- 遍历增量的应用数据,遍历应用中的实例
- 从本地获取应用数据,以便更新处理
- 如果是ADDED,则将实例添加到区域中的现有应用程序;如果是MODIFIED,则修改现有应用程序的实例;如果是DELETED,则删除现有应用程序的实例,并且从应用程序中找到所有的实例列表(实例状态的状态不仅是状态是 UP,还有其他状态)如果实例列表为空,删除应用程序。
- 对提供的实例进行洗牌,以便它们不总是以相同的顺序返回。
三、服务发现
1、客户端获取服务实例
@Override public List<ServiceInstance> getInstances(String serviceId) { // 委托eurekaClient处理 List<InstanceInfo> infos = this.eurekaClient.getInstancesByVipAddress(serviceId, false); List<ServiceInstance> instances = new ArrayList<>(); for (InstanceInfo info : infos) { instances.add(new EurekaServiceInstance(info)); } return instances; }
跟Nacos的入口是类似的,需要实现spring-cloud-commons的DiscoveryClient接口。这里EurekaDiscoveryClient会委托Eureka项目里面的EurekaClient处理,见下面2分析。然后将Instances列表转换为spring-cloud-commons里面的ServiceInstance类型列表。
2、从本地列表获取
@Override public List<InstanceInfo> getInstancesByVipAddress(String vipAddress, boolean secure) { return getInstancesByVipAddress(vipAddress, secure, instanceRegionChecker.getLocalRegion()); } @Override public List<InstanceInfo> getInstancesByVipAddress(String vipAddress, boolean secure, @Nullable String region) { if (vipAddress == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Supplied VIP Address cannot be null"); } Applications applications; // 如果eureka:region:没有指定,则使用默认值且非空,即默认使用默认localRegion if (instanceRegionChecker.isLocalRegion(region)) { // 本地获取 applications = this.localRegionApps.get(); } else { applications = remoteRegionVsApps.get(region); if (null == applications) { logger.debug("No applications are defined for region {}, so returning an empty instance list for vip " + "address {}.", region, vipAddress); return Collections.emptyList(); } } // secure默认false if (!secure) { return applications.getInstancesByVirtualHostName(vipAddress); } else { return applications.getInstancesBySecureVirtualHostName(vipAddress); } }
主要逻辑:
- 调用重载方法,vipAddress即serviceId,secure为false
- 如果eureka:region:没有指定,则使用默认值且非空,即默认使用默认localRegion。从本地应用获取列表。
- secure为false,获取与虚拟主机名关联的instance列表
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