java通过模板实现渲染PDF报告

目录

• 引入依赖
• 创建报告类
• 创建pdf渲染类
• 创建Main测试渲染pdf
• 最重要的模板文件

今天研究一下如何根据pdf模板渲染生成pdf文件，例如：导出公司资金年度报告。废话不多说，我先把代码端上来。

引入依赖

<?XML version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.test</groupId>
    <artifactId>pdf-template</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- FastjsON -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.83</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Openhtml to PDF -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.openhtmltopdf</groupId>
            <artifactId>openhtmltopdf-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.10</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.openhtmltopdf</groupId>
            <artifactId>openhtmltopdf-pdfbox</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.10</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 用于HTML解析和模板处理 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jsoup</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsoup</artifactId>
            <version>1.15.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 工具类 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            <version>3.12.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.11.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

创建报告类

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;

public class ReportData {
    // 公司名
    private String companyName;
    // 年度
    private int fiscalYear;
    // 总收入
    private double totalRevenue;
    // 总支出
    private double totalExpenses;
    // 净利润
    private double netProfit;
    // 总资产
    private double assets;
    // 总负债
    private double liabilities;
    // 所有者权益
    private double equity;

    public static ReportData fromJSONObject(JSONObject json) {
        ReportData data = new ReportData();
        data.setCompanyName(json.getString("companyName"));
        data.setFiscalYear(json.getInteger("fiscalYear"));
        data.setTotalRevenue(json.getDouble("totalRevenue"));
        data.setTotalExpenses(json.getDouble("totalExpenses"));
        data.setNetProfit(json.getDouble("netProfit"));
        data.setAssets(json.getDouble("assets"));
        data.setLiabilities(json.getDouble("liabilities"));
        data.setEquity(json.getDouble("equity"));
        return data;
    }

    // Getter和Setter方法
    public String getCompanyName() { return companyName; }
    public void setCompanyName(String companyName) { this.companyName = companyName; }

    public int getFiscalYear() { return fiscalYear; }
    public void setFiscalYear(int fiscalYear) { this.fiscalYear = fiscalYear; }

    public double getTotalRevenue() { return totalRevenue; }
    public void setTotalRevenue(double totalRevenue) { this.totalRevenue = totalRevenue; }

    public double getTotalExpenses() { return totalExpenses; }
    public void setTotalExpenses(double totalExpenses) { this.totalExpenses = totalExpenses; }

    public double getNetProfit() { return netProfit; }
    public void setNetProfit(double netProfit) { this.netProfit = netProfit; }

    public double getAssets() { return assets; }
    public void setAssets(double assets) { this.assets = assets; }

    public double getLiabilities() { return liabilities; }
    public void setLiabilities(double liabilities) { this.liabilities = liabilities; }

    public double getEquity() { return equity; }
    public void setEquity(double equity) { this.equity = equity; }
}

创建pdf渲染类

import com.openhtmltopdf.pdfboxout.PdfRendererBuilder;
import com.openhtmltopdf.extend.FSSupplier;
import com.openhtmltopdf.outputdevice.helper.BaseRendererBuilder;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.jsoup.Jsoup;
import org.jsoup.nodes.Document;

import Java.io.*;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class PdfGenerator {

    public void generatePdf(ReportData data, String outputPath) throws Exception {
        // 读取HTML模板
        InputStream templateStream = getClass().getClassLoader()
                .getResourceAsStream("template/report-template.html");
        if (templateStream == null) {
            throw new FileNotFoundException("HTML模板文件未找到");
        }

        String htmlTemplate = IOUtils.toString(templateStream, "UTF-8");

        // 替换模板中的变量
        String processedHtml = processTemplate(htmlTemplate, data);

        // 使用Jsoup清理HTML，确保格式正确
        Document doc = Jsoup.parse(processedHtml);
        doc.outputSettings().syntax(Document.OutputSettings.Syntax.xml);
        String cleanHtml = doc.html();

        // 使用OpenHTMLToPDF生成PDF，配置中文字体
        OutputStream os = null;
        try {
            os = new FileOutputStream(outputPath);
            PdfRendererBuilder builder = new PdfRendererBuilder();

            // 配置中文字体，如果字体没有则需要下载
            InputStream fontStream = getClass().getClassLoader()
                    .getResourceAsStream("fonts/simsun.ttf");

            if (fontStream != null) {
                byte[] fontBytes = IOUtils.toByteArray(fontStream);
                FSSupplier<InputStream> fontSupplier = () -> new ByteArrayInputStream(fontBytes);

                builder.useFont(fontSupplier, "SimSun", 400, BaseRendererBuilder.FontStyle.NORMAL, true);
                builder.useFont(fontSupplier, "SimSun", 400, BaseRendererBuilder.FontStyle.ITALIC, true);
                builder.useFont(fontSupplier, "SimSun", 700, BaseRendererBuilder.FontStyle.OBLIQUE, true);
            }

            builder.withHtmlContent(cleanHtml, null);
            builder.useFastMode();
            builder.toStream(os);
            builder.run();
 android       } finally {
            if (os != null) {
                try {
                    os.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private String processTemplate(String html, ReportData data) {
        // 创建数字格式化器
        DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("#,##0.00");

        // 准备替换变量
        Map<String, String> variables = new HashMap<String, String>();
        variables.put("companyName", data.getCompanyName());
        variables.put("fiscalYear", String.valueOf(data.getFiscalYear()));
        variables.put("totalRevenueFormatted", df.format(data.getTotalRevenue()));
        variables.put("totalExpensesFormatted", df.format(data.getTotalExpenses()));
        variables.put("netProfitFormatted", df.format(data.getNetProfit()));
        variables.put("assetsFormatted", df.format(data.getAssets()));
        variables.put("liabilitiesFormatted", df.format(data.getLiabilities()));
        variables.put("equityFormatted", df.format(data.getEquity()));

        // 计算财务比率
        double profitMargin = (data.getNetProfit() / data.getTotalRevenue()) * 100;
        double debtToAssetRatio = (data.getLiabilities() / data.getAssets()) * 100;
        double returnOnEquity = (data.getNetProfit() / data.getEquity()) * 100;

        variables.put("profitMargin", String.format("%.2f", profitMargin));
        variables.put("debtToAssetRatio", String.format("%.2f", debtToAssetRatio));
        variables.put("returnOnEquity", String.format("%.2f", returnOnEquity));

        // 根据数值正负设置css类
        variables.put("netProfitClass", data.getNetProfit() >= 0 ? "positive" : "negative");
        variables.put("profitMarginClass", profitMargin >= 0 ? "positive" : "negative");
        variables.put("returnOnEquityClass", returnOnEquity >= 0 ? "positive" : "negative");

        // 添加生成日期
        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        variables.put("generationDate", sdf.format(new Date()));

        // 替换所有变量
        String result = html;
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> entryjavascript : variables.entrySet()) {
            String value = StringUtils.defaultString(entry.getValue(), "");
            result = result.replace("${" + entry.getKey() + "}", value);
        }

        return result;
    }
}

创建Main测试渲染pdf

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.test.builder.PdfGenerator;
import com.test.builder.ReportData;

import java.io.File;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 示例JSON数据
            JSONObject jsonData = new JSONObject();
            jsonData.put("companyName", "示例科技有限公司");
            jsonData.put("fiscalYear", 2023);
            jsonData.put("totalRevenue", 12500000.75);
            jsonData.put("totalExpenses", 8500000.50);
            jsonData.put("netProfit", 4000000.25);
            jsonData.put("assets", 8500000.00);
            jsonData.put("liabilities", 3000000.00);
            jsonData.put("equity", 5500000.00);

            // 从JSON创建数据对象
            ReportData reportData = ReportData.fromJSONObject(jsonData);

            // 生成PDF
            PdfGenerator generator = new PdfGenerator();
            String outputPath = new File("").getAbsolutePath() + "/企业资金年度报告.pdf";
            generator.generatePdf(reportData, output编程客栈Path);

            System.out.println("PDF生成成功，保存路径: " + outputPath);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

最重要的模板文件

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <style>
        @page {
            size: A4;
            margin: 2cm;
        }

        body {
            font-family: SimSun, Arial, sans-serif;
            line-height: 1.6;
            color: #333;
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }

        .header {
            text-align: center;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
            border-bottom: 2px solid #1a5276;
            padding-bottom: 20px;
        }

        .company-name {
            font-size: 24pt;
            font-weight: bold;
            color: #1a5276;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
        }

        .report-title {
            font-size: 18pt;
            margin-bottom: 5px;
        }

        .fiscal-year {
            font-size: 14pt;
        }

        .section {
            margin-bottom: 25px;
        }

        .section-title {
            font-size: 16pt;
            font-weight: bold;
            color: #1a5276;
            border-left: 5px solid #1a5276;
            padding-left: 10px;
            margin: 20px 0 15px 0;
        }

        .financial-table {
            width: 100%;
            border-collapse: collapse;
            margin: 15px 0;
            font-family: SimSun, Arial, sans-serif;
        }

        .financial-table th, .financial-table td {
            border: 1px solid #ddd;
            padding: 10px;
            text-align: right;
        }

        .financial-table th {
            background-color: #f2f2f2;
            text-align: left;
            font-weight: bold;
        }

        .financial-table tr:nth-child(even) {
            background-color: #f9f9f9;
        }

        .highlight {
            font-weight: bold;
            color: #1a5276;
        }

        .footer {
            margin-top: 50px;
            text-align: right;
            font-size: 10pt;
            color: #666;
        }

        .signature-area {
            margin-top: 60px;
            border-top: 1px dashed #999;
            padding-top: 10px;
        }

        .positive {
            color: #28a745;
        }

        .negative {
            color: #dc3545;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="header">
    <div class="company-name">${companyName}</div>
    <div class="report-title">企业资金年度报告</div>
    <div class="fiscal-year">财政年度: ${fiscalYear}</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
    <div class="section-title">财务概要</div>
    <table class="financial-table">
        <tr>
            <th>指标</th>
            <th>金额 (元)</th>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>总收入</td>
            <td>${totalRevenueFormatted}</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>总支出</td>
            <td>${totalExpensesFormatted}</td>
        </tr>
        <tr class="highlight ${netProfitClass}">
            <td>净利润</td>
            <td>${netProfitFormatted}</td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</div>

<div class="section">
    <div class="section-title">资产负债表</div>
    <table class="financial-table">
        <tr>
            <th>项目</th>
            <th>金额 (元)</th>
        </tr>
        <tr>
       python     <td>总资产</td>
            <td>${assetsFormatted}</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>总负债</td>
            <td>${liabilitiesFormatted}</td>
        </tr>
        <tr class="highlight">
            <td>所有者权益</td>
            <td>${equityFormatted}</td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</div>

<div class="section">
    <div class="pythonsection-title">财务分析</div>
    <p>基于${fiscalYear}年度的财务数据，${companyName}的财务状况如下：</p>
    <p>净利润率为: <span class="${profitMarginClass}">${profitMargin}%</span></p>
    <p>资产负债率为: ${debtToAssetRatio}%</p>
    <p>权益回报率为: <span class="${returnOnEquityClass}">${returnOnEquity}%</span></p>
</div>

<div class="signature-area">
    <p>总经理签字: ________________________</p>
    <p>财务总监签字: ________________________</p>
    <p>日期: ________________________</p>
</div>

<div class="footer">
    本报告生成时间: ${generationDate}
</div>
</body>
</html>

我在网上找过很多种通过生成pdf的方式，但是要么先下载一个软件定义pdf模板文件然后通过代码实现模板渲染，要么就是通过工具如iText硬写，实在复杂。这个方式是我找了多种实现方式以及询问AI，类比这些实现方式得到的我觉得我最喜欢的方式。因为我也会写一点前端代码，而且这个方式不算太复杂，也不需要下载什么软件就先去定义一个pdf模板文件，希望对各位有所帮助。

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