Java使用Netty实现同时多端口监听
目录
- 前言
- 环境
- 实现功能
- 服务端
- 相关配置
- 核心代码
- 启动类
- 端口枚举
- 端口处理器
- 业务处理器
- 客户端
前言
Netty 是一个基于 Java NIO(非阻塞 I/O)的网络应用框架,它简化了开发高性能、高可靠性网络服务器和客户端的过程,使得开发者能够专注于业务逻辑的实现,而无需过多关注底层网络通信的复杂细节。适用于 Web 服务器、即时通讯、游戏服务器等开发,广泛应用于诸多领域。
环境
JDK:64位 Jdk1.8
SpringBoot:2.1.7.RELEASENetty:4.1.39.Final实现功能
使用Netty监听多个端口接受设备发送的数据,并发送数据给客户端。
服务端
相关配置
pom.XML
<dependency> <groupId>io.netty</groupId> <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId> <version>4.1.39.Final</version> </dependency>
application.yml
spring: profiles: # 环境 dev|test|prod active: dev netty-socket: ports: 8801,8802 bufferSize: 2048
配置类
import lombok.Data; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /** * @author qf * @since 2024/12/08 21:08 */ @Component @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "netty-socket") @Data public class SocketConfig { private List<Integer> ports; private Integer bufferSize; }
核心代码
启动类
CommandLineRunner:当应用程序启动时,CommandLineRunner 接口的实现类中的 run 方法会被调用
import cn.hutool.core.util.ObjectUtil; import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap; import io.netty.channel.*; import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup; import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NIOServerSocketChannel; import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel; import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import javax.annotation.PreDestroy; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; @Slf4j @Component public class NettyServer { @Value("${spring.profiles.active}") private String active; @Autowired private SocketConfig socketConfig; //用于关闭 private List<ChannelFuture> futures; private EventLoopGroup bossGroup = null; private EventLoopGroup workerGroup = null; public List<ChannelFuture> getFutures() { if (ObjectUtil.isEmpty(futures)) { futures = new ArrayList<>(); } return futures; } public void start() throws Exception { bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1); workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); try { Integer bufferSize = socketConfig.getBufferSize(); ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap(); bootstrap.group(bossGroup, workerGroup) .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class) .childOption(ChannelOption.RCvbUF_ALLOCATOR, new AdaptiveRecvByteBufAllocator(bufferSize, bufferSize, bufferSize)) .childHandler(new ListenChannelInitHandler()); if("dev".equals(active)){ bootstrap.handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))aEclSBDSW; } for (Integer port : socketConfig.getPorts()) { ChannelFuture channelFuture = bootstrap.bind(port).sync(); getFutures().add(channelFuture); channelFuture.addListener(future -> { if (future.isSuccess()) { log.info("端口:{} 监听成功!", port); } else { log.info("端口:{} 监听失败!", port); } }); channelFuture.channel().closeFuture() .addListener((ChannelFutureListener) listener -> channelFuture.channel().close()); } } catch (Exception e) { log.info("netty监听数据时发生异常:", e); } finally { //异步使用stop()关闭 // bossGroup.shutdownGracefully(); // workerGroup.shutdownGracefully(); } } @PreDestroy public void stop() { if (ObjectUtil.isNotEmpty(futures)) { try { for (ChannelFuture future : futures) { future.channel().close().addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE); future.awaitUninterruptibly(); } if (ObjectUtil.isNotEmpty(bossGroup) && ObjectUtil.isNotEmpty(workerGroup)) { bossGroup.shutdownGracefully(); workerGroup.shutdownGracefully(); } futures = null; log.info(" netty服务关闭成功! "); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("关闭netty服务时发生异常: ", e); } } } }
端口枚举
public enum PortEnum { TEST1(8801,"测试1"), TEST2(8802,"测试2"); private int port; private String name; PortEnum(int port, String name) { this.port = port; this.name = name; } public int getPort() { return port; } public void setPort(int port) { this.port = port; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } }
端口处理器
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf; import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled; import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext; import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter; import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer; import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel; import io.netty.handler.codec.DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder; import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder; import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import java.net.InetSocketAddress; import static com.qf.netty.PortEnum.*; /** * 多端口处理器 * * @author qf * @since 2024/12/05 19:05 */ @Slf4j public class ListenChannelInitHandler extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> { @Override protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception { int port = socketChannel.localAddress().getPort(); if (TEST1.getPort() == port) { //使用自定义分割符 customizeSplitHandler(socketChannel, true, "$"); socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new StringDecoder()); socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new StringEncoder()); // 添加自定义的业务处理器 socketChannel.pipeline().a编程客栈ddLast(new DeviceAServiceHandler()); } else if (TEST2.getPort() == port) { customizeSplitHandler(socketChannel, false, "#"); socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new StringDecoder()); socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new StringEncoder()); socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new DeviceBServiceHandler()); } else { log.error("监听的端口号暂无业务处理:{}", port); } // 添加异常处理器 socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter() { @Override public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception { // 获取远程地址 InetSocketAddress remoteAddress = (InetSocketAddress) ctx.channel().remoteAddress(); String clientIP = remoteAddress.getAddress().getHostAddress(); // 记录异常信息和客户端IP地址 log.error("监听设备时出现异常,客户端IP: {}", clientIP, cause); ctx.close(); } }); } /** * 自定义分隔符处理器 * * @param socketChannel socketChannel * @param stripDelimiter 是否去除分隔符 * @param split 分隔符 */ private static void customizeSplitHandler(SocketChannel socketChannel, boolean stripDelimiter, String split) { ByteBuf buffer = Unpooled.copiedBuffer(split.getBytes()); try { socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(new DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder(2048, stripDelimiter, buffer)); } catch (Exception e) { buffer.release(); lo编程客栈g.error("监听工地微站设备时出现异常:", e); } } }
业务处理器
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext; import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; /** * @author qf * @since 2024/12/09 19:36 */ @Slf4j public class DeviceAServiceHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> { @Override protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception { // 处理接收到的消息 // 你可以在这里添加更复杂的业务逻辑,比如解析消息、访问数据库等。 log.info("发送的数据为------->:" + msg); if (true) { //发送数据给客户端 ctx.writeAndFlush("helloA~"); } } }
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext; import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; /** * @author qf * @since 2024/12/09 19:36 */ @Slf4j public class DeviceBServiceHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> { @Override protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception { // 处理接收到的消息 // 你可以在这里添加更复杂的业务逻辑,比如解析消息、访问数据库等。 log.info("发送的数据为------->:" + msg); if (true) { //发送数据给客户端 ctx.writeAndFlush("helloB~"); } } }
客户端
import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap; import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer; import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup; import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel; import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder; import java.net.InetSocketAddress; /** * @author qf * @since 2024/10/11 18:01 */ public class Hello1Client { public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { // 1. 启动类,启动客户端 new Bootstrap() // 2. 添加 EventLoop .group(new NioEventLoopGroup())//如果服务器端发来数据,客户端的EventLoop就可以从selector触发读事件进行处理 // 3. 选择客户端 channel 实现,底层封装了SocketChannel .channel(NioSocketChannel.class) // 4. 添加处理器 .handler(new ChannelInitializer<NioSocketChannel>() { @Override // 在连接建立后被调用 protected void initChannel(NioSocketChannel ch) throws Exception { ch.pipeline().addLast(new StringEncoder());//编码器,将字符串编码成ByteBuf进行发送 ch.pipeline().addLast(new EchoClientHandler()); } }) // 5. 连接到服务器 .connect(new InetSocketAddress("localhost", 8801)) .sync()//syncjavascript()是一个阻塞方法,只有连接建立后才会继续执行 .channel()//.channel()表示拿到服务器和客户端之间的SocketChannel(连接对象) // 6. 向服务器发送数据 .writeAndFlush("hello, world$"); } }
import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap; import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer; import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup; import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel; import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder; import java.net.InetSocketAddress; public class Hello2Client { public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { // 1. 启动类,启动客户端 new Bootstrap() // 2. 添加 EventLoop .group(new NioEventLoopGroup())//如果服务器端发来数据,客户端的EventLoop就可以从selector触发读事件进行处理 // 3. 选择客户端 channel 实现,底层封装了SocketChannel .channel(NioSocketChannel.class) // 4. 添加处理器 .handler(new ChannelInitializer<NioSocketChannel>() { @Override // 在连接建立后被调用 protected void initChannel(NioSocketChannel ch) throws Exception { ch.pipeline().addLast(new StringEncoder());//编码器,将字符串编码成ByteBuf进行发送 ch.pipeline().addLast(new EchoClientHandler()); } }) // 5. 连接到服务器 .connect(new InetSocketAddress("localhost", 8802)) .sync()//sync()是一个阻塞方法,只有连接建立后才会继续执行 .channel()//.channel()表示拿到服务器和客户端之间的SocketChannel(连接对象) // 6. 向服务器发送数据 .writeAndFlush("hello, world#"); } }
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf; import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled; import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext; import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter; import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil; /** * @author qf * @since 2024/10/11 18:05 */ public class EchoClientHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter { private final ByteBuf message; public EchoClientHandler() { message = Unpooled.buffer(256); message.writeBytes("hello netty - ".getBytes(CharsetUtil.UTF_8)); } @Override public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerCophpntext ctx) { ctx.writeAndFlush(message); } @Override public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) { String data = ((ByteBuf) msg).toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8); System.out.println(data); // ctx.write(msg); try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Override public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) { ctx.flush(); } @Override public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) { // Close the connection when an exception is raised. cause.printStackTrace(); ctx.close(); } }
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