Java实现读取Excel数据并写入到Word

2025-07-09 10:23 开发作者：极客星云

读取Excel 数据并写入到Word

我们知道操作office 文档一般常用的就是Apache POI 以及Easy POI.

Apache POI 是对office 早期的版本 .doc ,.xls 以及后期的*.docx 和*.xlsx API 的实现。

关于EasyPOI 据说是对Apache POI做了更好的封装和功能扩展，让开发变得更加简单。

好了废话不多说，本篇博文将使用Apache POI 来读取Excel 数据并写入到word 文档中。

最终效果如图所示：

Java实现读取Excel数据并写入到Word

配置pom.xml

pom.xml 添加依赖如下:

   <!-- 生产应用监控,可选,可以添加也可以不添加不影响当前项目  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 自定义配置文件要用  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Web应用开发 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Apache POI -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml-schemas -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- thymeleaf 页面模板引擎-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--lombok 通过注解生成Getter Setter ToString 日志初始化等方法-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring Boot Test Framework -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

完整的pom.xml 内容如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <!-- 设置当前项目的父项目为Spring Boot -->
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.9.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <!-- 设置当前项目的基本信息 -->
    <groupId>com.xingyun</groupId>
    <artifactId>transport-excel-data-to-word</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>transport-excel-data-to-word</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <!-- 设置当前项目源码使用字符编码为UTF-8 -->
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <!-- 设置当前项目所需要的JDK版本 Open JDK下载地址:https://jdk.Java.net/ -->
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <!-- 设置当前项目编译所需要的JDK版本 Open JDK下载地址:https://jdk.java.net/ -->
        <maven.compiler.source>${java.version}</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>${java.version}</maven.compiler.target>
        <!-- 设置maven编译插件版本,可通过下面网址查看最新的版本-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-compiler-plugin -->
        <maven.compiler.plugin.version>3.5.1</maven.compiler.plugin.version>
        <!-- 项目所使用第三方依赖jar包的版本,建议以后都使用这种方式,方便今后维护和升级 -->
        <apache.poi.version>4.1.0</apache.poi.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <!-- 生产应用监控,可选,可以添加也可以不添加不影响当前项目  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 自定义配置文件要用  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Web应用开发 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Apache POI -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
            <version>${apache.poi.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
            <version>${apache.poi.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.poi/poi-ooxml-schemas -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
            <version>${apache.poi.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- thymeleaf 页面模板引擎-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--lombok 通过注解生成Getter Setter ToString 日志初始化等方法-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring Boot Test Framework -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!--该插件可以让我们通过maven命令将项目打包成一个可执行的Jar-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
            <!--该插件限定Maven打包时所使用的版本,避免出现版本不匹配问题-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${maven.compiler.plugin.version}</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>${java.version}</source>
                    <target>${java.version}</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

配置 application.properties

application.properties

spring.profiles.active=dev

application-dev.properties

spring.application.name=transport-excel-data-to-word

server.address=127.0.0.1
server.port=8080
server.servlet.context-path=/

spring.thymeleaf.prefix=classpath:/templates/bootstrap-ui-framework/
spring.thymeleaf.suffix=.html
spring.thymeleaf.encoding=UTF-8

# 上次文件配置
com.xingyun.customize.upload-folder=C:/opt/upload
# Servlet配置
# 连接超时设置为最大值
server.connection-timeout=999999999
spring.servlet.multipart.max-file-size=4096GB
spring.servlet.multipart.max-request-size=4096GB
spring.servlet.multipart.enabled=true
# Tomcat配置
# 解决大文件上传问题
# Tomcat针对中止上载将吞下的最大请求正文字节数（不包括传输编码开销）
#中止上传是指Tomcat知道请求体将被忽略但客户端仍然发送它
# 如果Tomcat没有吞下身体，则客户端不太可能看到响应
# 如果未指定，将使用默认值2097152（2兆字节）
# 值小于零表示不应强制执行限制
server.tomcat.max-swallow-size=-1
server.tomcat.max-connections=10000
server.tomcat.max-http-post-size=4096GB

自定义配置属性

由于上面com.xingyun.customize.upload-folder=C:/opt/upload

我们使用了一些自定义配置，因此按照最佳实践来做，需要做点代码配置支持。

创建一个Java Config 类，并激活配置属性文件。

import com.xingyun.transportexceldatatoword.customize.SmartUploadProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @author 星云
 * @功能
 * @date 10/13/2019 12:00 PM
 */
@EnableConfigurationProperties({
        SmartUploadProperties.class
})
@Configuration
public class CustomizePropertiesConfig {
}

然后创建一个自定义配置类

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;

/**
 * @author 星云
 * @功能
 * @date 10/13/2019 12:01 PM
 */
@Getter
@Setter
@ToString
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="com.xingyun.customize")
public class SmartUploadProperties {
    /**
     * 注意"这里的变量名称不可以有下划线 否则会出错
     */
    private String uploadFolder;
}

注意：

这样配置后，映射到配置文件就是

com.xingyun.customize.upload-folder=C:/opt/upload

配置首页请求拦截并初始化文件夹

代码如下:

import com.xingyun.transportexceldatatoword.customize.SmartUploadProperties;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

import java.io.File;

/**
 * @author 星云
 * @功能
 * @date 10/13/2019 9:34 AM
 */
@Controller
public class HomePageController {

    @Autowired
    SmartUploadProperties smartUploadProperties;
    @GetMapping(value = "/")
    public String homePage(){
        File file=new File(smartUploadProperties.getUploadFolder());
        if(!file.exists()){
            file.mkdirs();
        }
        return "index";
    }
}

注意：这样当访问首页的时候就会初始化上传文件夹了

配置上传页面

然后我们需要一个上传页面，编写代码如下:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <!-- Required meta tags -->
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta namephp="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
    <link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{../static/third-party/bootstrap-4.3.1-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css}" rel="external nofollow"  >
    <title>Excel Data To Word App</title>
</head>
<body>
   <div align="center">
       <h1>Excel Data To World App</h1>
   </div>

   <div class="jumbotron text-center">
       <div align="left">
           <form action="/upload.do" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
               <input th:type="file" name="uploadFileName" >
               <input type="submit" value="提交">
           </form>
       </div>
   </div>

   <!-- Optional javascript -->
   <!-- jquery first, then Popper.js, then Bootstrap JS -->
   <script th:src="@{../static/third-party/jquery/jquery-3.3.1.slim.min.js}"></script>
   <script th:src="@{../static/third-party/AJAX/libs/popper.js/1.14.7/umd/popper.min.js}"/>
   <script th:src="@{../static/third-party/bootstrap-4.3.1-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js}"/>
</body>
</html>

上传文件

处理文件上传的控制器编写如下:

import com.xingyun.transportexceldatatoword.constant.CommonConstant;
import com.xingyun.transportexceldatatoword.customize.SmartUploadProperties;
import com.xingyun.transportexceldatatoword.util.SmartPoiExcelUtils;
import com.xingyun.transportexceldatatoword.util.SmartPoiWordUtils;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 星云
 * @功能
 * @date 10/13/2019 9:43 AM
 */
@Slf4j
@Controller
public class UploadApiController {
    @Autowired
    SmartUploadProperties smartUploadProperties;

    @PostMapping(value = "/upload.do")
    public String upload(@RequestParam(value = "uploadFilpythoneName") MultipartFile multipartFile, HttpServletResponse response){

        log.info(multipartFile.getOriginalFilename());

        //构建保存文件路径
        StringBuilder stringBuilder=new StringBuilder();
        stringBuilder.append(smartUploadProperties.getUploadFolder());
        stringBuilder.append(File.separator);
        stringBuilder.append(multipartFile.getOriginalFilename());

        //上传文件路径
        String uploadFilePath=stringBuilder.toString();

        //文件
        File file=new File(uploadFilePath);
        try {
            //将上传的文件保存下来
            multipartFile.transferTo(file);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage(),e);
        }

        //将Excel中的数据进行解析成对象
        List<String> dataList= SmartPoiExcelUtils.parseExcelData(file.getAbsolutePath());

        //生成World 的文件路径
        StringBuilder worldName=new StringBuilder();
        worldName.append(smartUploadProperties.getUploadFolder());
        worldName.append(File.separator);
        worldName.append("data.docx");

        //将数据写入到文档中
        try {
            SmartPoiWordUtils.writeDataToWord(worldName.toString(),dataList);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("IO Exception:",e);
        }

        //写入完成后放入这个列表中
        CommonConstant.shareFileMap.put("downloadFile",worldName.toString());

        return "redirect:/api/v1/download.do";
    }
}

这里使用了两个工具类，将上传的excel 文件保存到指定的路径，然后将内容写入到word中，最后重定向到一个处理文件下载的控制器中。

读取Excel 数据工具类

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.WorkbookUtil;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 星云
 * @功能
 * @date 10/13/2019 10:01 AM
 */
@Slf4j
public final class SmartPoiExcelUtils {

    private static final DataFormatter DATA_FORMATTER = new DataFormatter();

    public static List<String> parseExcelData(String fileName){
        List<String> dataList=new ArrayList<>();
        try {
            Workbook workbook= SmartPoiExcelUtils.createExcelWithXLSX(fileName);
            for (Sheet sheetItem : workbook ) {
                for (Row row : sheetItem) {
                    for (Cell cell : row) {
                        String text = DATA_FORMATTER.formatCellValue(cell);
                        log.info(text);
                        log.debug("cell type:{}",cell.getCellType());
   php                     dataList.add(text);
                    }
                }
            }
            workbook.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return dataList;
    }


    public static Workbook createExcelWithXLS(String fileName) throws IOException {
        Workbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
        try  (OutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(fileName)) {
            workbook.write(fileOut);
        }
        return workbook;
    }

    public static Workbook createExcelWithXLSX(String fileName) throws IOException {
        Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(new File(fileName));
        return workbook;
    }

    /**
     编程客栈* Note that sheet name is Excel must not exceed 31 characters
     * and must not contain any of the any of the following candroidharacters:
     * 0x0000
     * 0x0003
     * colon (:)
     * backslash (\)
     * asterisk (*)
     * question mark (?)
     * forward slash (/)
     * opening square bracket ([)
     * closing square bracket (])
     * @param workbook
     * @param sheetName
     * @return
     */
    public static Sheet createSheet(Workbook workbook,String sheetName){
        // You can use org.apache.poi.ss.util.WorkbookUtil#createSafeSheetName(String nameProposal)}
        // for a safe way to create valid names, this utility replaces invalid characters with a space (' ')
        // returns " O'Brien's sales   "
        String safeName = WorkbookUtil.createSafeSheetName(sheetName);
        Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(safeName);
        return sheet;
    }

    public static Cell createCell(Workbook workbook,Sheet sheet){

        CreationHelper createHelper = workbook.getCreationHelper();
        // Create a row and put some cells in it. Rows are 0 based.
        Row row = sheet.createRow(0);

        // Create a cell and put a value in it.
        Cell cell = row.createCell(0);
        cell.setCellValue(1);

        // Or do it on one line.
        row.createCell(1).setCellValue(1.2);
        row.createCell(2).setCellValue(
                createHelper.createRichTextString("This is a string"));
        row.createCell(3).setCellValue(true);
        // Create a cell and put a date value in it.  The first cell is not styled
        // as a date.
        row.createCell(4).setCellValue(new Date());

        // we style the second cell as a date (and time).  It is important to
        // create a new cell style from the workbook otherwise you can end up
        // modifying the built in style and effecting not only this cell but other cells.
        CellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
        cellStyle.setDataFormat(
                createHelper.createDataFormat().getFormat("m/d/yy h:mm"));
        cell = row.createCell(1);
        cell.setCellValue(new Date());
        cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);

        //you can also set date as java.util.Calendar
        cell = row.createCell(2);
        cell.setCellValue(Calendar.getInstance());
        cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);

        row.createCell(0).setCellValue(1.1);
        row.createCell(1).setCellValue(new Date());
        row.createCell(2).setCellValue(Calendar.getInstance());
        row.createCell(3).setCellValue("a string");
        row.createCell(4).setCellValue(true);

        return cell;
    }
}

将List<String>写入到word中工具类

import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFRun;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author 星云
 * @功能
 * @date 10/13/2019 12:22 PM
 */
public final class SmartPoiWordUtils {

    public static void writeDataToWord(String fileName, List<String> dataListArg) throws IOException {
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(new File(fileName));
        //创建一个文档
        XWPFDocument xwpfDocument=new XWPFDocument();
        //创建一个段落
        XWPFParagraph xwpfParagraph;
        //创建一片区域
        XWPFRun run;
        for (String lineData:dataListArg
             ) {
            xwpfParagraph= xwpfDocument.createParagraph();
            run=xwpfParagraph.createRun();
            run.setText(lineData);
        }
        xwpfDocument.write(out);
        xwpfDocument.close();
        out.close();
    }
}

静态值存储

这里为了上传和下载分开，将下载路径暂时保存到一个静态值中存储。

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author 星云
 * @功能
 * @date 10/13/2019 2:59 PM
 */
public class CommonConstant {
    /**
     * 存储查询使用
     */
    public static Map<String,String> shareFileMap=new HashMap<>();
}

处理下载模块

import com.xingyun.transportexceldatatoword.constant.CommonConstant;
import com.xingyun.transportexceldatatoword.util.DownloadFileUtils;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * @author 星云
 * @功能
 * @date 10/13/2019 2:56 PM
 */
@Slf4j
@RequestMapping(value = "/api/v1")
@RestController
public class DownloadController {

    @GetMapping(value = "/download.do")
    public  void downloadFtpFileList(HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{

        String downloadFileName="download.docx";
        //获取下载文件路径
        String downloadFilePath= CommonConstant.shareFileMap.get("downloadFile");

        log.info("下载文件名称:"+downloadFileName);
        log.info("下载文件路径:"+downloadFilePath);

        //执行下载文件
        Boolean downloadResult= DownloadFileUtils.downloadFile(downloadFilePath,downloadFileName,response);
        if(downloadResult){
            log.info("下载成功");
        }else{
           log.info("下载失败");
        }
    }
}

文件下载工具类

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

/**
 * @author 星云
 * @功能
 * @date 10/13/2019 3:00 PM
 */
@Slf4j
public class DownloadFileUtils {
    public final static Boolean downloadFile(String downloadFilePath, String downloadFileName, HttpServletResponse response){
        //配置文件下载
        try {
            response.setHeader("content-type", "application/octet-stream");
            response.setContentType("application/octet-stream");
            // 下载文件能正常显示中文
            response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+ URLEncoder.encode(downloadFileName, "UTF-8"));
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }
        // 实现文件下载
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        FileInputStream fis = null;
        BufferedInputStream bis = null;
        try {
            fis = new FileInputStream(downloadFilePath);
            bis = new BufferedInputStream(fis);
            OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
            int i = bis.read(buffer); while (i != -1) {
                os.write(buffer, 0, i); i = bis.read(buffer);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Download the file failed!：{}",e.getMessage());
            return false;
        }finally {
            //关闭流资源
            if (bis != null) {
                try {
                    bis.close();
                }
                catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    log.error("关闭bis出错:{}",e.getMessage());
                    return false;
                }
            }
            if (fis != null) {
                try { fis.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    log.error("关闭fis出错:{}",e.getMessage());
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
}

最终项目结构

最终项目结构如下

Java实现读取Excel数据并写入到Word

源码下载：https://github.com/geekxingyun/transport-excel-data-to-word

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继续阅读：Java Excel写入Word Java读取Excel数据

Java实现读取Excel数据并写入到Word

目录

读取Excel 数据并写入到Word

配置pom.xml

配置 application.properties

自定义配置属性

配置首页请求拦截并初始化文件夹

配置上传页面

上传文件

读取Excel 数据工具类

将List<String>写入到word中工具类

静态值存储

处理下载模块

文件下载工具类

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