Python实现自动化Word排版
目录
- 一、导入必要的库
- 二、打开Word文档
- 三、自动化排版
- 四、保存并关闭文档
- 五、总结
- 六、方法补充
Word是一款广泛使用的文档编辑工具，但在排版过程中可能会遇到繁琐的重复操作。幸运的是，借助python编程语言的强大功能，我们可以实现自动化的Word排版，提升文档编辑的效率和质量。本文将介绍如何使用Python实现自动化的Word排版，让文档编辑变得更加高效便捷。
一、导入必要的库
在Python中，我们可以使用python-docx库来操作Word文档。它提供了丰富的函数和方法，用于创建、修改和格式化Word文档。我们可以通过以下代码导入python-docx库：
import docx
二、打开Word文档
首先，我们需要打开要进行排版的Word文档。可以使用python-docx库提供的`Document`类来打开现有的文档。
打开Word文档：
doc = docx.Document('example.docx')
三、自动化排版
接下来，我们将使用python-docx库提供的功能来实现自动化的Word排版。以下是一些常见的排版操作示例：
1. 设置页面大小和边距：
doc.sections[0].page_width = docx.shared.Inches(8.5) doc.sections[0].page_height = docx.shared.Inches(11) doc.sections[0].left_margin = docx.shared.Inches(1) doc.sections[0].right_margin = docx.shared.Inches(1) doc.sections[0].top_margin = docx.shared.Inches(1) doc.sections[0].bottom_margin = docx.shared.Inches(1)
2. 插入标题：
doc.add_heading('自动化Word排版', level=1)
3. 插入段落：
doc.add_paragraph('在今天的文章中，我们将介绍如何使用Python实现自动化的Word排版。')
4. 设置字体样式：
paragraph = doc.add_paragraph()
run = paragraph.add_run('这是一个示例文本。')
font = run.font
font.name = 'Arial'
font.size = docx.shared.Pt(12)
font.bold = True
5. 插入图片：
doc.add_picture('example.jpg', width=docx.shared.Inches(4), height=docx.shared.Inches(3))
四、保存并关闭文档
完成排版后，我们需要保存并关闭文档。
1. 保存文档：
doc.save('formatted_example.docx')
2. 关闭文档：
doc.close()
五、总结
通过使用Python的python-docx库，我们可以轻松地实现自动化的Word排版。通过打开文档、进行自动化排版操作，以及保存并关闭文档，我们能够提升文档编辑的效率和质量。
参考代码：
import docx
doc = docx.Document('example.docx')
# 自动化排版操作示例
doc.sections[0].page_width = docx.shared.Inches(8.5)
doc.sections[0].page_height = docx.shared.Inches(11)
doc.sections[0].left_margin = docx.shared.Inches(1)
doc.sections[0].right_margin = docx.shared.Inches(1)
doc.sections[0].top_margin = docx.shared.Inches(1)
doc.sections[0].bottom_margin = docx.shared.Inches(1)
doc.add_heading('自动化Word排版', level=1)
doc.add_paragraph('在今天的文章中，我们将介绍如何使用Python实现自动化的Word排版。')
paragraph = doc.add_paragraph()
run = paragraph.add_run('这是一个示例文本。')
font = run.font
font.name = 'Arial'
font.size = docx.shared.Pt(12)
font.bold = True
doc.add_picture('example.jpg', width=docx.shared.Inches(4), height=docx.shared.Inches(3))
# 保存并关闭文档
doc.save('formatted_example.docx')
doc.close()
六、方法补充
用Python编写的Word一键排版工具
import docx
from docx.oXML.ns import qn
from docx.shared import Pt, Cm, Mm
from docx.enum.text import *
import os
import sys
from docx import Document
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QFileDialog
# 删除段落
def delete_paragraph(paragraph):
p = paragraph._element
p.getparent().remove(p)
# p._p = p._element = None
paragraph._p = paragraph._element = None
#判断是否为落款格式
def LuoKuan(str):
for i in str:
if i in punc:
return False
if ((str[0] in num) and (str[-1] == "日") and (len(str) <= 12)) or ((str[0] in cn_num) and (str[-1] == "日") and (len(str) <= 12)):
return True
else:
return False
def setMargin(docx):
section = docx.sections[0]
section.page_height = Cm(29.7)
section.page_width = Cm(21.0)
section.left_margin = Cm(2.8)
section.right_margin = Cm(2.6)
section.top_margin = Cm(3.7)
section.bottom_margin = Cm(3.5)
#判断是否为一级标题格式（如：一、xxx）
def GradeOneTitle(str):
if ((str[0] in cn_num) and (str[1] == "、")) or ((str[0] in cn_num) and (str[1] in cn_num) and (str[2] == "、")):
return True
else:
return False
#判断是否为二级标题格式（如：（一）xxx）
def GradeTwoTitle(str):
if ((str[0] == "（") and (str[1] in cn_num) and (str[2] == "）")) or ((str[0] == "（") and (str[1] in cn_num) and (str[2] in cn_num) and (str[3] == "）")):
return True
else:
return False
#判断是否为三级标题格式（如：1.xxx）
def GradeThreeTitle(str):
if ((str[0] in num) and (str[1] in punc)) or ((str[0] in num) and (str[1] in num) and (str[2] in punc)):
return True
else:
return False
#判断是否为四级标题格式（如：（1）xxx）
def GradeFourTitle(str):
if ((str[0] == "（") and (str[1] in num) and (str[2] == "）")) or ((str[0] == "（") and (str[1] in num) and (str[2] in num) and (str[3] == "）")):
return True
else:
return False
#判断是否为五级标题格式（如：一是XXX）
def GradeFiveTitle(str):
if ((str[0] in cn_num) and (str[1] in must)) or ((str[0] in cn_num) and (str[1] in cn_num) and (str[1] in must)):
return True
else:
return False
def OneKeyWord():
gandroidlobal cn_num,num,punc,must
cn_num = ["一", "二", "三", "四", "五", "六", "七", "八", "九", "十"]
num = ["1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "0"]
punc = ["。", "，", "！", "？", "：", "；", "、", ".", "（", "）","．"]
must = ["要", "是", "能"]
filecnt = 0
print('欢迎使用Word一键排版工具！创作者QQ：124500535')
confirm= input("是否打开Ｗord文档？输入“Y”表示“打开”，输入“N”表示“取消”！")
if confirm == 'Y' or confirm == 'y':
a = QApplication([''])
files, stylel = QFileDialog.getOpenFileNames(caption="多文件选择", directory="/", filter="Word 文档(*.docx)")
print(files) # 打印所选文件全部路径（包括文件名和后缀名）和文件类型
for file in files:
docx = Document(file)
paragraphcnt = 0
filecnt= filecnt+1
print('这是第%s个文件：%s' %(filecnt,file))
for paragraph in docx.paragraphs:
paragraphcnt = paragraphcnt +1
paragraph.text=paragraph.text.replace(",","，")
paragraph.text=paragraph.text.replace(";","；")
paragraph.text=paragraph.text.replace(":","：")
paragraph.text=paragraph.text.replace("!","！")
paragraph.text=paragraph.text.replace("?","？")
paragraph.text=paragraph.text.replace("(","（")
paragraph.text=paragraph.text.replace(")","）")
paragraph.text=paragraph.text.replace(" ","")
paragraph.text=paragraph.text.replace("\t", "")
paragraph.text = paragraph.text.replace("\n", "")
if paragraph.text == '':
delete_paragraph(paragraph)
paragraphcnt = paragraphcnt-1
continue
paragraph.paragraph_format.left_indent = 0 #预先对缩进赋值, 防止对象为空报错
paragraph.paragraph_format.element.pPr.ind.set(qn("w:firstLineChars"), '0') #并去除缩进
paragraph.paragraph_format.element.pPr.ind.set(qn("w:firstLine"), '0')
paragraph.paragraph_format.element.pPr.ind.set(qn("w:leftChars"), '0')
paragraph.paragraph_format.element.pPr.ind.set(qn("w:left"), '0')
paragraph.paragraph_format.element.pPr.ind.set(qn("w:rightchars"), '0')
paragraph.paragraph_format.element.pPr.ind.set(qn("w:right"), '0')
print('这是第%s段' %paragraphcnt)
print(paragraph.text)
if paragraphcnt == 1 and len(paragraph.text)<40:
#处理头部空行
#标题（方正小标宋_GBK、2号、加粗、居中、下端按2号字空一行）
paragraph.paragraph_format.line_spacing=Pt(28) #行距固定值28磅
paragraph.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(0) #段后间距=0
for run in paragraph.runs:
run.font.size = Pt(22) # 字体大小2号
run.bold = False # 加粗
run.font.name = '方正小标宋_GBK' # 控制是西文时的字体
run.element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '方正小标宋_GBK') # 控制是中文时的字体
paragraph.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER # 居中
continue
elif paragraphcnt == 2 and len(paragraph.text) < 30:
# 作者单位、姓名
paragraph.paragraph_format.line_spacing = Pt(28) # 行距固定值28磅
paragraph.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(0) # 段后间距=0
for run in paragraph.runs:
run.font.size = Pt(16) # 字体大小2号
run.bold = False # 加粗
run.font.name = '楷体' # 控制是西文时的字体
run.element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '楷体') # 控制是中文时的字体
paragraph.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER # 居中
continue
elif paragraphcnt == 3 and len(paragraph.text) < 30 and (paragraph.text[0] == "（") and (paragraph.text[1] in num):
# 日期，如（2023年6月15日）
paragraph.paragraph_format.line_spacing = Pt(28) # 行距php固定值28磅
paragraph.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(0) # 段后间距=0
for run in paragraph.runs:
run.font.size = Pt(16) # 字体大小2号
run.bold = False # 加粗
run.font.name = '楷体' # 控制是西文时的字体
run.element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '楷体') # 控制是中文时的字体
paragraph.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER # 居中
continue
# #处理正文
else:
paragraph.paragraph_format.line_spacing = Pt(28) # 行距固定值28磅
paragraph.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(0) # 段后间距=0
paragraph.paragraph_format.first_line_indent = Pt(32)
for run in paragraph.runs:
run.font.size = Pt(16) # 字体大小3号
run.bold = False # 字体不加粗
run.font.name = '仿宋_GB2312'
run.element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '仿宋_GB2312')
if GradeOneTitle(run.text): #判断是否为一级标题格式（如：一、xxx）
run.font.name = '黑体'
run.element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '黑体')
elif GradeTwoTitle(run.text): #判断是否为二级标题格式（如：（一）xxx）
if "。" not in run.text:
run.font.name = '楷体'
run.element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '楷体')
else:
run.text = run.text.split('。',1)
run.font.name = '楷体'
run.element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '楷体')
elif GradeThreeTitle(run.text): #判断是否为三级标题格式（如：1.xxx）
if "。" not in run.text:
if (run.text[0] in num) and (run.text[1] in punc):
run.text = run.text.replace(run.text[1], "．",1)
if (run.text[0] in num) and (run.text[1] in num) and (run.text[2] in punc):
run.text = run.text.replace(run.text[2], "．", 1)
run.font.name = '仿宋_GB2312'
run.element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '仿宋_GB2312')
run.bold = True # 字体加粗
else:
if (run.text[0] in num) and (run.text[1] in punc):
编程 run.text = run.text.replace(run.text[1], "．", 1)
if (run.text[0] in num) and (run.text[1] in num) and (run.text[2] in punc):
run.text = run.text.replace(run.text[2], "．", 1)
sentence_to_bold = run.text.split('。')[0]+"。"
sentence_not_to_bold = run.text.split('。',1)[1]
paragraph.insert_paragraph_before(sentence_to_bold)
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].paragraph_format.first_line_indent = Pt(32)
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].paragraph_format.line_spacing = Pt(28) # 行距固定值28磅
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(0) # 段后间距=0
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[0].font.name = '仿宋_GB2312'
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[0].font.size = Pt(16) # 字体大小3号
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[0].element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '仿宋_GB2312')
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[0].bold = True # 字体加粗
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].add_run(sentence_not_to_bold).bold = False
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[1].font.name = '仿宋_GB2312'
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[1].font.size = Pt(16) # 字体大小3号
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[1].element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '仿宋_GB2312')
delete_paragraph(paragraph)
elif GradeFourTitle(run.text): #判断是否为四级标题格式（如：（1）xxx）
if "。" not in ruWOhJDYkFn.text:
run.font.name = '仿宋_GB2312'
run.element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '仿宋_GB2312')
run.bold = True # 字体加粗
else:
sentence_to_bold = run.text.split('。')[0]+"。"
sentence_not_to_bold = run.text.split('。',1)[1]
paragraph.insert_paragraph_before(sentence_to_bold)
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].paragraph_format.first_line_indent = Pt(32)
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].paragraph_format.line_spacing = Pt(28) # 行距固定值28磅
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(0) # 段后间距=0
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[0].font.name = '仿宋_GB2312'
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[0].font.size = Pt(16) # 字体大小3号
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[0].element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '仿宋_GB2312')
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[0].bold = True # 字体加粗
http://www.devze.com docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].add_run(sentence_not_to_bold).bold = False
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[1].font.name = '仿宋_GB2312'
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[1].font.size = Pt(16) # 字体大小3号
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[1].element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '仿宋_GB2312')
delete_paragraph(paragraph)
elif GradeFiveTitle(run.text): #判断是否为五级标题格式（如：一是xxx）
if "。" not in run.text:
run.font.name = '仿宋_GB2312'
run.element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '仿宋_GB2312')
run.bold = True # 字体加粗
else:
sentence_to_bold = run.text.split('。')[0]+"。"
sentence_not_to_bold = run.text.split('。',1)[1]
paragraph.insert_paragraph_before(sentence_to_bold)
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].paragraph_format.first_line_indent = Pt(32)
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].paragraph_format.line_spacing = Pt(28) # 行距固定值28磅
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(0) # 段后间距=0
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[0].font.name = '仿宋_GB2312'
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[0].font.size = Pt(16) # 字体大小3号
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[0].element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '仿宋_GB2312')
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[0].bold = True # 字体加粗
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].add_run(sentence_not_to_bold).bold = False
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[1].font.name = '仿宋_GB2312'
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[1].font.size = Pt(16) # 字体大小3号
docx.paragraphs[paragraphcnt - 1].runs[1].element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '仿宋_GB2312')
delete_paragraph(paragraph)
elif LuoKuan(run.text): # 判断是否为落款格式
run.font.name = '仿宋_GB2312'
run.element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '仿宋_GB2312')
run.text = "\r" * 2 + run.text # 前置空格，顶到最右，需手动调整空格
paragraph.paragraph_format.left_indent = Pt(288) #18B*16Pt=288Pt
else: #普通正文格式
run.font.name = '仿宋_GB2312'
run.element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn('w:eastAsia'), '仿宋_GB2312')
setMargin(docx)
docx.save(file)
if __name__ == '__main__':
OneKeyWord()
os.system("pause")
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