MyBatis使用嵌套查询collection和association的实现
目录
- 1、目标
- 2、一对多的嵌套查询用collection标签
- 2.1 多表查询并且resultMap是数据库的class表
- 2.2 多表查询并且resultMap是自定义VO类ClassVO
- 2.3 单表查询并且resultMap是自定义VO类ClassVO
- 2.4 单表查询并且resultMap是自定义VO类ClassVO,返回值是List类型
- 2.5 多表查询并且resultMap是数据库的class表,返回值是List类型
- 3、一对一的嵌套查询用association标签
- 3.1 多表查询,返回值是Stu学生对象
- 3.2 多表查询,返回值是List集合,泛型是Stu学生对象
1、目标
本文的主要目标是MyBATis使用collection标签完成一对多的嵌套查询,使用association标签完成一对一的嵌套查询
2、一对多的嵌套查询用collection标签
2.1 多表查询并且resultMap是数据库的class表
create table `class` ( `id` int primary key auto_increment, `name` varchar(100) not null, `create_time` date not null ); create table `stu` ( `id` int primary key auto_increment, `name` varchar(100) not null, `age` int not null, `class_id` int not null );
先在数据库创建表class和stu,class是班级表,stu是学生表,stu学生表中包含class_id字段表示这个学生在哪个班级中
insert into `class`(`name`, `create_time`) values ('1班', now()), ('2班', now()), ('3班', now());
然后在class表中插入记录
insert into `stu`(`name`, `age`, `class_id`) values ('张三1', 20, 1), ('李四1', 18, 1), ('王五1', 21, 1), ('张三2', 15, 2), ('李四2', 19, 2), ('王五2', 16, 2), ('张三3', 22, 3), ('李四3', 29, 3), ('王五3', 26, 3);
然后在stu表中插入记录
@Data public class Class { private String id; private String name; private String createTime; private List<Stu> stuList; @Override public String toString() { return "Class{" + "id='" + id + '\'' + ", name='" + name + '\'' + ", createTime='" + createTime + '\'' + ", stuList=" + stuList + '}'; } }
创建Class实体类,对应class表的字段,其中多了一个字段是stuList这个list集合,因为一个班级包含了多个学生,这里是一对多的嵌套查询因此用collection标签
@Data public class Stu { private Integer id; private String name; private Integer age; private Integer classId; @Override public String toString() { return "Stu{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\'' + ", age=" + age + ", classId=" + classId + '}'; } }
创建Stu实体类,对应stu表的字段
@Mapper public interface ClassMapper { js Class getClass(@Param("className") String className); }
创建ClassMapper的接口方法getClass,入参是className,出参是一个Class班级对象,这个班级对象会封装多个学生对象
<?XML version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="org.apache.mybatisDemo.ClassMapper"> <resultMap id="classMap" type="org.apache.mybatisDemo.Class"> <id property="id" column="classId"/> <result property="name" column="className"/> <result property="createTime" column="create_time"/> <collection property="stuList" JavaType="java.util.List" ofType="org.apache.mybatisDemo.Stu"> <result property="id" column="stuId"/> <result property="name" column="stuName"/> <result property="age" column="age"/> <result property="classId" column="class_id"/> </collection> </resultMap> <select id="getClass" resultMap="classMap"> sjavascriptelect c.id classId, c.name className, c.create_time, s.id stuId, s.name stuName, s.age, s.class_id from `class` c inner join `stu` s on c.id = s.class_id where c.`name` = #{className} </select> </mapper>
sql使用多表查询,resultMap是返回值的类型,使用collection标签封装多个Stu学生对象,collection标签中javaType指定是List集合类型,ofType指定List集合的泛型类型
注意:
(1)
<id property="id" column="classId"/> <result property="name" column="className"/> <result property="createTime" column="create_time"/>
resultMap中除了collection的更新字段至少有1个,比如这里我更新了3个字段如果除了collection没有更新字段,会抛出异常,具体参考我写的博客:MyBatis嵌套查询collection报错:org.apache.ibatis.exceptions.TooManyResultsException
(2)sql查询的字段如果重复名字的要取别名,如果不取别名resultMap直接用c.id,MyBatis底层不会将这个字段作为查询字段,因为它识别不了c是哪张表
<mappers> <mapper resource="mybatis/ClassMapper.xmjsl"/> </mappers>
mybatis-config.xml文件中设置mapper标签是ClassMapper.xml,因此可以扫描到这个xml文件
@Test public void f1() throws IOException { String resource = "mybatis-config.xml"; InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource); SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream); try (SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession()) { ClassMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ClassMapper.class); Class cls = mapper.getClass("2班"); System.out.println(cls.toString()); } }
测试这个接口方法
测试结果返回一个Class班级对象,这个对象包含id=2,name=2班,createTime,stuList是一个list集合,它封装了多个Stu学生对象
2.2 多表查询并且resultMap是自定义VO类ClassVO
那resultMap返回值类型必须是数据库表对应的实体类吗?不一定,返回值类型可以是自定义类比如VO
@Data public class ClassVO { private String id; private List<Stu> stuList; @Override public String toString() { return "ClassVO{" + "id='" + id + '\'' + ", stuList=" + stuList + '}'; } }
自定义VO类ClassVO包含的字段只有id和stuList这个list集合
@Mapper public interface ClassMapper { ClassVO getClassVO(@Param("className") String className); }
创建接口方法,返回值类型是自定义ClassVO类
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="org.apache.mybatisDemo.ClassMapper"> <resultMap id="classVOMap" type="org.apache.mybatisDemo.ClassVO"> <id property="id" column="classId"/> <collection property="stuList" javaType="java.util.List" ofType="org.apache.mybatisDemo.Stu"> <id property="id" column="stuId"/> <result property="name" column="stuName"/> <result property="age" column="age"/> <result property="classId" column="class_id"/> </collection> </resultMap> <select id="getClassVO" resultMap="classVOMap"> select c.id classId, c.name, c.create_time, s.id stuId, s.name stuName, s.age, s.class_id from `class` c inner join `stu` s on c.id = s.class_id where c.`name` = #{className} </select> </mapper>
这个接口方法的xml对应的返回值类型是type=“org.apache.mybatisDemo.ClassVO”
注意:(1)resultMap中除了collection的更新字段至少有1个(2)sql查询的字段如果重复名字的要取别名
@Test public void f2()throws IOException { String resource = "mybatis-config.xml"; InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource); SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream); try (SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession()) { ClassMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ClassMapper.class); ClassVO classVO = mapper.getClassVO("2班"); System.out.println(classVO.toString()); } }
测试getClassVO方法,返回值是一个ClassVO对象
测试结果是返回一个ClassVO对象,它包含id=2,stuList这个list集合,它包含了3个Stu学生对象
结论:resultMap返回值类型不一定是数据库表对应的实体类,可以是自己定义的类
2.3 单表查询并且resultMap是自定义VO类ClassVO
可以单表查询stu学生表然后resultMap可以映射吗?可以,不过除了resultMap中除了collection必须至少有1个字段更新
@Mapper public interface ClassMapper { ClassVO getClasVOBySingleTable(@Param("classId") Integer classId); }
创建一个mapper接口方法
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="org.apache.mybatisDemo.ClassMapper"> <resultMap id="ClasVOBySingleTableMap" type="org.apache.mybatisDemo.ClassVO"> <id property="id" column="class_id"/> <collection property="stuList" javaType="java.util.List" ofType="org.apache.mybatisDemo.Stu"> <id property="id" column="id"/> <result property="name" column="name"/> <result property="age" column="age"/> <result property="classId" column="class_id"/> </collection> </resultMap> <select id="getClasVOBySingleTable" resultMap="ClasVOBySingleTableMap"> select * from stu where stu.class_id = #{classId} </select> </mapper>
mapper.xml文件中sql是单表查询,也可以进行resultMap的字段赋值
注意:(1)resultMap中除了collection的更新字段至少有1个(2)sql查询的字段如果重复名字的要取别名
@Test public void f3() throws IOException { String resource = "mybatis-config.xml"; InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource); SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream); try (SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession()) { ClassMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ClassMapper.class); ClassVO classVO = mapper.getClasVOBySingleTable(2); System.out.println(classVO.toString()); } }
调用getClasVOBySingleTable方法会返回ClassVO对象
测试结果是单表查询,也可以返回一个ClassVO对象,它包含id=2,stuList是list集合,它包含3个Stu学生对象
结论:单表查询stu学生表然后resultMap可以映射
2.4 单表查询并且resultMap是自定义VO类ClassVO,返回值是List类型
@Mapper public interface ClassMapper { List<ClassVO> getClassVOList(); }
mapper接口方法的返回值是list集合
<select id="getClassVOList" resultMap="ClasVOBySingleTableMap"> select * from stu </select>
mapper.xml文件中单表查询,resultMap仍然是2.3中的resultMap即ClasVOBySingleTableMap,因为返回值类型list集合的泛型还是ClassVO类
@Test public void f4() throws IOException { String resource = "mybatis-config.xml"; InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStpythonream(resource); SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream); try (SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession()) { ClassMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ClassMapper.class); List<ClassVO> list = mapper.getClassVOList(); list.forEach(System.out::println); } }
测试:调用getClassVOList方法
测试结果是单表查询返回stu学生表的所有记录,指定resultMap,封装了collection,因此会将相同class_id的多个Stu学生对象封装到一个ClassVO对象,结果是返回3个ClassVO对象,每个ClassVO对象都封装了3个Stu对象
结论:mapper接口方法的返回值是多个class_id的ClassVO对象用List集合,resultMap指定List集合的泛型,MyBatis会自动将相同class_id的Stu学生对象封装到一个ClassVO对象中
2.5 多表查询并且resultMap是数据库的class表,返回值是List类型
@Mapper public interface ClassMapper { List<Class> getClassList(); }
返回值是List集合
<select id="getClassList" resultMap="classMap"> select c.id classId, c.name className, c.create_time, s.id stuId, s.name stuName, s.age, s.class_id from `class` c inner join `stu` s on c.id = s.class_id </select>
resultMap复用2.1的resultMap,因为返回值是list集合,它的泛型和2.1的返回值类型是相同的
@Test public void f5() throws IOException { String resource = "mybatis-config.xml"; InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource); SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream); try (SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession()) { ClassMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ClassMapper.class); List<Class> list = mapper.getClassList(); list.forEach(System.out::println); } }
调用getClassList方法
返回值是3个Class班级对象,每个Class班级对象都封装了自己班的Stu学生对象
结论:mapper接口方法的返回值是多个class_id的Class班级对象用List集合,resultMap指定List集合的泛型,MyBatis会自动将相同class_id的Stu学生对象封装到一个Class班级对象中
3、一对一的嵌套查询用association标签
3.1 多表查询,返回值是Stu学生对象
@Data public class Stu { private Integer id; private String name; private Integer age; private Integer classId; private Class stuClass; @Override public String toString() { return "Stu{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\'' + ", age=" + age + ", classId=" + classId + ", stuClass=" + stuClass + '}'; } }
创建Stu实体类对象,多一个表中不存在的Class类型的stuClass对象,它表示这个学生属于哪个班级,这里是一对一的嵌套查询因此用association标签
@Mapper public interface StuMapper { Stu getStuById(@Param("stuName") String stuName); }
mapper接口方法是getStuById方法,返回值是Stu学生对象
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="org.apache.mybatisDemo.StuMapper"> <resultMap id="StuMap" type="org.apache.mybatisDemo.Stu"> <id property="id" column="stuId"/> <result property="name" column="stuName"/> <result property="age" column="age"/> <result property="classId" column="class_id"/> <association property="stuClass" javaType="org.apache.mybatisDemo.Class"> <id property="id" column="classId"/> <result property="name" column="className"/> <result property="createTime" column="create_time"/> </association> </resultMap> <select id="getStuById" resultMap="StuMap"> select c.id classId, c.name className, c.create_time, s.id stuId, s.name stuName, s.age, s.class_id from `class` c inner join `stu` s on c.id = s.class_id where s.`name` = #{stuName} </select> </mapper>
mapper.xml文件多表查询,resultMap的type是org.apache.mybatisDemo.Stu类型,其中stuClass属性是Class班级类型,是一对一的嵌套查询因此用association标签,association标签用javaType表示类型是org.apache.mybatisDemo.Class
<mappers> <mapper resource="mybatis/BlogMapper.xml"/> <mapper resource="mybatis/ClassMapper.xml"/> <mapper resource="mybatis/StuMapper.xml"/> </mappers>
mybatis-config.xml文件中注册StuMapper.xml
@Test public void f8() throws IOException { String resource = "mybatis-config.xml"; InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource); SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream); try (SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSesPMmAudatZlsion()) { StuMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StuMapper.class); Stu stu = mapper.getStuById("张三3"); System.out.println(stu); } }
调用mapper的getStuById方法
测试结果是返回一个Stu学生对象,它包含id=7,name=张三3,age=22,classId=3,stuClass属性是一个Class班级对象,使用association标签封装了这个Class班级对象
结论:一对一的嵌套查询用association标签
3.2 多表查询,返回值是List集合,泛型是Stu学生对象
@Mapper public interface StuMapper { List<Stu> getStuList(); }
返回值是List集合,泛型是Stu学生对象
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="org.apache.mybatisDemo.StuMapper"> <select id="getStuList" resultMap="StuMap"> select c.id classId, c.name className, c.create_time, s.id stuId, s.name stuName, s.age, s.class_id from `class` c inner join `stu` s on c.id = s.class_id </select> </mapper>
mapper.xml的方法中resultMap指定StuMap,还是3.1中的resultMap,只需要指定List集合的泛型即可
@Test public void f9() throws IOException { String resource = "mybatis-config.xml"; InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource); SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream); try (SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession()) { StuMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StuMapper.class); List<Stu> stuList = mapper.getStuList(); stuList.forEach(System.out::println); } }
调用mapper的getStuList方法
测试结果是查询得到9个Stu学生对象,每个学生对象都封装了stuClass这个Class班级对象
结论:一对一的嵌套查询用association标签,并且mapper接口方法返回值是List集合类型
到此这篇关于MyBatis使用嵌套查询collection和association的实现的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关MyBatis 嵌套查询collection和association内容请搜索编程客栈(www.devze.com)以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持编程客栈(www.devze.com)!
精彩评论