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java使用itext如何直接生成pdf

目录
  • 需求背景
  • itext 的使用
    • 依赖
    • 简单示例
    • 基础设置(页面大小、边距、字体等)
    • 段落内部,特殊设置关键字 字体或颜色
    • 生成动态表格
    • 页脚展示页数
    • 其他
      • 设置密码
      • 添加水印(背景图)
      • 目录
      • Header, Footer
      • 分割 PDF
      • 合并 PDF
  • 总结

    需求背景

    在工作中经常会有生成pdf文件的需求,大多数情况下,我们只需要使用pdf模版添加表单域,就足以胜任了。但是有一些特殊的需求,需要生成较为复杂的文件,如动态数据表格、插入图像等。

    这时候,我们就可以使用拼接的方式,将pdf文件内容一段段拼上去,组合成一个pdf文件,来灵活的操纵文件的排版与内存形式。

    itext 的使用

    依赖

            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.itextpdf</groupId>
                <artifactId>itextpdf</artifactId>
                <version>5.5.13</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.itextpdf/itext-asian -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.itextpdf</groupId>
        <artifactId>itext-asian</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.0</version>
    </dependency>

    简单示例

    生成一个内容为“Hello World”的pdf文件

    import com.itextpdf.text.*;
    import com.itextpdf.text.pdf.PdfWriter;
    
    import Java.io.FileNotFoundException;
    import java.io.FileOutputStream;
    import java.util.logging.Level;
    import java.util.logging.Logger;
    
    /**
     * 生成一个内容为“Hello World”的pdf文件
     * @author ym
     */
    public class HelloWorld {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            String FILE_DIR = "./"; // 项目根目录:盘符:/.../.../项目名称,注意:点号并不表示当前类文件所在的目录,而是项目目录下
            //Step 1—Create a Document.  
            Document document = new Document();
            try {
                //Step 2—Get a PdfWriter instance.
                PdfWriter.getInstance(document, new FileOutputStream(FILE_DIR + "createSamplePDF.pdf"));
                //Step 3—Open the Document.  
                document.open();
                //Step 4—Add content.  
                document.add(new Paragraph("Hello World"));
                //Step 5—Close the Document.  
                document.close();
            } catch (DocumentException ex) {
                Logger.getLogger(HelloWorld.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
            } catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
                Logger.getLogger(HelloWorld.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
            }
        }
    }
    

    基础设置(页面大小、边距、字体等)

          //页面大小  
          Rectangle rect = new Rectangle(PageSize.A4.rotate());
          //页面背景色  
          rect.setBackgroundColor(BaseColor.ORANGE);
          //  page , 外边距 marginLeft marginRight marginTop marginBottom
          Document doc = new Document(rect,90, 90, 30, 40);  
          // 新开一页
          doc.newpage();
    		
    
          /**
          * 段落设置
          */
         Paragraph titleParagraph = new Paragraph("hello world!", getChineseTitleFont());
         titleParagraph.setAlignment(Element.ALIGN_CENTER);// 居中
         titleParagraph.setFirstLineIndent(24);// 首行缩进
         titleParagraph.setLeading(35f);// 行间距
         titleParagraph.setSpacingBefore(5f);// 设置上空白
         titleParagraph.setSpacingAfter(10f);// 设置段落下空白
    
    
    
        //支持中文 设置字体,字体颜色、大小等
        public Font getChineseTitleFont() throws RuntimeException {
            Font ChineseFont = null;
            try {
            	/**
                 *  name – the name of the font or its location on file 
                 *  encoding – the encoding to be applied to this font 
                 *  embedded – true if the font is to be embedded in the PDF
                 */
                BaseFont simpChinese = BaseFont.createFont("STSongStd-Light", "UniGB-UCS2-H", BaseFont.NOT_EMBEDDED);
                ChineseFont = new Font(simpChinese, 15, Font.BOLD, BaseColor.BLACK);
            } catch (DocumentException e) {
                log.error("getChineseFont" ,"字体异常",e);
                throw new RuntimeException("getChineseFont字体异常",e);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                log.error("getChineseFont" ,"字体异常",e);
                throw new RuntimeException("getChineseFont字体异常",e);
            }
            return ChineseFont;
        }

    段落内部,特殊设置关键字 字体或颜色

    // 文本内容
    String conten编程客栈t = "This is a sample text with different colors.";
    String[] words = content.split(" "); // 将文本拆分为单词
    
    for (String word : words) {
        Chunk chunk = new Chunk(word); // 创建一个新的 Chunk
    
        // 如果单词是 "different",则设置为红色
        if (word.equals("different")) {
            chunk.setForegroundColor(BaseColor.RED);
        }
    
        // 如果单词是 "colors.",则设置为蓝色
        if (word.equals("colors.")) {
            chunk.setForegroundColor(BaseColor.BLUE);
        }
    
        contentParagraph.add(chunk); // 将 Chunk 添加到段落中
        contentParagraph.add(" "); // 添加单词之间的空格
    }
    
    document.add(contentParagraph); // 将段落添加到文档中

    生成动态表格

                // 创建一个包含5列的表格
                PdfPTable table = new PdfPTable(5);
    
                // 添加表头
                table.addCell("Header 1");
                table.addCell("Header 2");
                table.addCell("Header 3");
                table.addCell("Header 4");
                table.addCell("Header 5");
    
                // 添加动态数据到表格
                for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                    table.addCell("Data " + i + ", 1");
                    table.addCell("Data " + i + ", 2");
                    table.addCell("Data " + i + ", 3");
                    table.addCell("Data " + i + ", 4");
                    table.addCell("Data " + i + ", 5");
                }
    
                document.add(table);
    
    		/**
             * 如果需要更精细的控制属性
             */
            cell = new PdfPCell(new Phrase("title1",fontChinese));
            cell.setColspan(1);//设置所占列数
            cell.setRowspan(1);//合并行
            cell.setHorizontalAlignment(Element.ALIGN_CENTER);//设置水平居中
            cell.setVerticalAlignment(Element.ALIGN_MIDDLE);//设置垂直居中
            cell.setFixedHeight(30);//设置高度
            table.addCell(cell);

    页脚展示页数

    PdfWriter writer = PdfWriter.getInstance(document, new FileOutputStream(FILE_DIR + "createSamplePDF.pdf"));
                writer.setPageEvent(new FooterEvent());
    
    
        public  class FooterEvent extends PdfPageEventHelper {
            //总页数
            PdfTemplate totalPage;
            //字体
            Font font;
    
            {
                try {
                    BaseFont chinese = BaseFont.createFont("STSong-Light", "UniGB-UCS2-H", BaseFont.NOT_EMBEDDED);
                    font = new Font(chinese,10);
                } catch (DocumentException | IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
    
            //打开文档时,创建一个总页数的模版
            @Override
    
            public void onOpenDocument(PdfWriter writer, Document document) {
                PdfContentByte cb = writer.getDirectContent();
                totalPage = cb.createTemplate(50, 9);
            }
    
            @Override
            public void onEndPage(PdfWriter writer, Document document) {
                //创建一个两列的表格
                PdfPTable table = new PdfPTable(2);
                try {
                    table.setTotalWidth(PageSize.A4.getWidth());//总宽度为A4纸张宽度
                    table.setLockedwidth(true);//锁定列宽
                    table.setWidths(new int[]{50, 50});//设置每列宽度
                    PdfPCell cell = new PdfPCell(new Phrase("第"+document.getPageNumber()android + " 页,共", font));
                    cell.setHorizontalAlignment(Element.ALIGN_RIGHT);//设置水平右对齐
                    cell.setVerticalAlignment(Element.ALIGN_MIDDLE);//设置垂直居中
                    cell.disableBorderSide(15);//隐藏全部边框
                    table.addCell(cell);
                    PdfPCell cell1 = new PdfPCell(Image.getInstance(totalPage));//共 页
                    cell1.setHorizontalAlignment(Element.ALIGN_LEFT);//设置水平左对齐
                    cell1.setVerticalAlignment(Element.ALIGN_MIDDLE);//设置垂直居中
                    cell1.disableBorderSide(15);//隐藏全部边框
                    table.addCell(cell1);
                    table.writeSelectedRows(0, -1, 0, 30, writer.getDirectContent());
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    throw new ExceptionConverter(e);
                }
            }
            @Override
            public void onCloseDocument(PdfWriter writer, Document document) {
                String text = "" +String.valueOf(writer.getPageNumber()) +"页";
                ColumnText.showTextAligned(totalPage, Element.ALIGN_MIDDLE, new Paragraph(text, font), 0, 0, 0);
            }
        }

    其他

    设置密码

    PdfWriter writer = PdfWriter.getInstance(doc, out);  
      
    // 设置密码为:"World"  
    writer.setEncryption("Hello".getBytes(), "World".getBytes(),  
            PdfWriter.ALLOW_SCREENREADERS,  
            PdfWriter.STANDARD_ENCRYPTION_128);  
      
    doc.open();  
    doc.add(new Paragraph("Hello World"));  
    

    添加水印(背景图)

    //图片水印
    PdfReader reader = new PdfReader(FILE_DIR + "setWatermark.pdf");  
    PdfStamper stamp = new PdfStamper(reader, new FileOutputStream(FILE_DIR  
            + "setWatermark2.pdf"));  
      
    Image img = Image.getInstance("resource/watermark.jpg");  
    img.setAbsolutePosition(200, 400);  
    PdfContentByte under = stamp.getUnderContent(1);  
    under.addImage(img);  
      
    //文字水印  
    PdfContentByte over = stamp.getOverContent(2);  
    over.beginText();  
    BaseFont bf = BaseFont.createFont(BaseFont.HELVETICA, BaseFont.WINANSI,  
            BaseFont.EMBEDDED);  
    over.setFontAndSize(bf, 18);  
    over.setTextMatrix(30, 30);  
    over.showTextAligned(Element.ALIGN_LEFT, "DUPLICATE", 230, 430, 45);  
    over.endText();  
      
    //背景图  
    Image img2 = Image.getInstance("resource/test.jpg");  
    img2.setAbsolutePosition(0, 0);  
    PdfContentByte under2 = stamp.getUnderContent(3);  
    under2.addImage(img2);  
      
    stamp.close();  
    reader.close();  
    

    目录

    // Code 1  
    document.add(new Chunk("Chapter 1").setLocalDestination("1"));  
      
    document.newPage();  
    document.add(new Chunk("Chapter 2").setLocalDestination("2"));  
    document.add(new Paragraph(new Chunk("Sub 2.1").setLocalDestination("2.1")));  
    document.add(new Paragraph(new Chunk("Sub 2.2").setLocalDestination("2.2")));  
      
    document.newPage();  
    document.add(new Chunk("Chapter 3").setLocalDestination("3"));  
      
    // Code 2  
    PdfContentByte cb = writer.getDirectContent();  
    PdfOutline root = cb.getRootOutline();  
      
    // Code 3  
    @SuppressWarnings("unused")  
    PdfOutline oline1 = new PdfOutline(root, PdfAction.gotoLocalPage("1", false), "Chapter 1");  
      
    PdfOutline oline2 = new PdfOutline(root, PdfAction.gotoLocalPage("2", false), "Chapter 2");  
    oline2.setOpen(false);  
      
    @SuppressWarnings("unused")  
    PdfOutline oline2_1 = new PdfOutline(oline2, PdfAction.gotoLocalPage("2.1", false), "Sub 2.1");  
    @SuppressWarnings("unused")  
    PdfOutline oline2_2 = new PdfOutline(oline2, PdfAction.gotoLocalPage("2.2", false), "Sub 2.2");  
      
    @SuppressWarnings("unused")  
    PdfOutline oline3 = new PdfOutline(root, PdfAction.gotoLocalPage("3", false), "Chapter 3"); 
    

    java使用itext如何直接生成pdf

    Header, Footer

    PdfWriter writer = PdfWriter.getInstance(doc, new FileOutputStream(FILE_DIR + "setHeaderFooter.pdf"));  
      
    writer.setPageEvent(new PdfPageEventHelper() {  
      
        public void onEndPage(PdfWriter writer, Document document) {  
              
            PdfContentByte cb = writer.getDirectContent();  
            cb.saveState();  
      
            cb.beginText();  
            BaseFont bf = null;  
            try {  
                bf = BaseFont.createFont(BaseFont.HELVETICA, BaseFont.WINANSI, BaseFont.EMBEDDED);  
            } catch (Exception e) {  
                e.printStackTrace();  
            }  
            cb.setFontAndSize(bandroidf, 10);  
              
            //Header  
            float x = document.top(-20);  
              
            //左  
            cb.showTextAligned(PdfContentByte.ALIGN_LEFT,  
                               "H-Left",  
                               document.left(), x, 0);  
            //中  
            cb.showTextAligned(PdfContentByte.ALIGN_CENTER,  
                                writer.getPageNumber()+ " page",  
                               (document.right() + document.left())/2,  
                               x, 0);  
            //右  
            cb.showTextAligned(PdfContentByte.ALIGN_RIGHT,  
                               "H-Right",  
                               document.right(), x, 0);  
      
            //Footer  
            float y = document.bottom(-20);  
      
            //左  
            cb.showTextAligned(PdfContentByte.ALIGN_LEFT,  
                               "F-Left",  
                               document.left(), y, 0);  
            //中  
            cb.showTextAligned(PdfContentByte.ALIGN_CENTER,  
                                writer.getPageNumber()+" page",  
                               (document.right() + document.left())/2,  
                               y, 0);  
            //右  
            cb.showTextAligned(PdfContentByte.ALIGN_RIGHT,  
                               "F-Right",  
                               document.right(), y, 0);  
      
            cb.endText();  
              
            cb.restoreState();  
        }  
    });  
      
    doc.open();  
    doc.add(new Paragraph("1 page"));          
    doc.newPage();  
    doc.add(new Paragraph("2 page"));          
    doc.newPage();  
    doc.add(new Paragraph("3 page"));          
    doc.newPage();  
    doc.add(new Paragraph("4 page"));  
    

    分割 PDF

    FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(FILE_DIR + "splitPDF.pdf");  
      
    Document document = new Document();  
      
    PdfWriter.getInstance(document, out);  
      
    document.open();  
    document.add(new Paragraph("1 page"));  
      
    document.newPage();  
    document.add(new Paragraph("2 page"));  
      
    document.newPage();  
    document.add(new Paragraph("3 page"));  
      
    document.newPage();  
    document.add(new Paragraph("4 page"));  
      
    document.close();  
      
    PdfReader reader = new PdfReader(FILE_DIR + "splitPDF.pdf");  
      
    Document dd = new Document();  
    PdfWriter writer = PdfWriter.getInstance(dd, new FileOutputStream(FILE_DIR + "splitPDF1.pdf"));  
    dd.open();  
    PdfContentByte cb = writer.getDirectContent();  
    dd.newPage();  
    cb.addTemplate(writer.getImportedPage(reader, 1), 0, 0);  
    dd.newPage();  
    cb.addTemplate(writer.getImportedPage(reader, 2), 0, 0);  
    dd.close();  
    writer.close();  
      
    Document dd2 = new Document();  
    PdfWriter writer2 = PdfWriter.getInstance(dd2, new FileOutputStream(FILE_DIR + "splitPDF2.pdf"));  
    dd2.open();  
    PdfContentByte cb2 = writer2.getDirectContent();  
    dd2.newPage();  
    cb2.addTemplate(writer2.getImportedPage(reader, 3), 0, 0);  
    dd2.newPage();  
    cb2.addTemplate(writer2.getImportedPage(reader, 4), 0, 0);  
    dd2.close();  
    writer2.close();  
    

    合并 PDF

    PdfReader reader1 = new PdfReader(FILE_DIR + "splitPDF1.pdf");  
    PdfReader reader2 = new PdfReader(FILE_DIR + "splitPDF2.pdf");  
      
    FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(FILE_DIR + "mergePDF.pdf");  
      
    Document document = new Document();  
    PdfWriter writer = PdfWriter.getInstance(document, out);  
      
    编程客栈document.open();  
    PdfContentByte cb = writer.getDirectContent();  
      
    int totalPages = 0;  
    totalPages += reader1.getNumberOfPages();  
    totalPages += reader2.getNumberOfPages();  
      
    java.util.List<PdfReader> readers = new ArrayList<PdfReader>();  
    readers.add(reader1);  
    readers.add(reader2);  
      
    int pageOfCurrentReaderPDF = 0;  
    Iterator<PdfReader> iteratorPDFReader = readers.iterator();  
      
    // Loop through the PDF files and add to the output.  
    while (iteratorPDFReader.hasNext()) {  
        PdfReader pdfReader = iteratorPDFReader.next();  
      
        // Create a new page in the target for eachandroid source page.  
        while (pageOfCurrentReaderPDF < pdfReader.getNumberOfPages()) {  
            document.newPage();  
            pageOfCurrentReaderPDF++;  
            PdfImportedPage page = writer.getImportedPage(pdfReader, pageOfCurrentReaderPDF);  
            cb.addTemplate(page, 0, 0);  
        }  
        pageOfCurrentReaderPDF = 0;  
    }  
    out.flush();  
    document.close();  
    out.close();  
    

    总结

    以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持编程客栈(www.devze.com)。

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