springboot整合sentinel接口熔断的实现示例
目录
- 背景
- 依赖下载
- 熔断尝试
- 使用SentinelResource注解
- 不使用SentinelResource注解
背景
请求第三方接口或者慢接口需要增加熔断处理,避免因为慢接口qps过大导致应用大量工作线程陷入阻塞以至于其他正常接口都不可用,最近项目测试环境就因为一个查询的慢接口调用次数过多,导致前端整个首页都无法加载。
依赖下载
springboot
<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.6.3</version> </parent> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency>
sentinel dashboard
下载地址:https://github.com/alibaba/Sentinel/releases版本:sentinel-dashboard-1.8.3.jar启动命令:Java -Dserver.port=9000 -Dcsp.sentinel.dashboard.server=localhost:9000 -Dproject.name=sentinel-dashboard -jar sentinel-dashboard-1.8.3.jar
sentinel springboot 依赖
<dependency> <groupIdwww.devze.com>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId> <version>2021.0.1.0</version> </dependency>
熔断尝试
使用SentinelResource注解
编写慢接口
@RestController @RequestMapping(path = "/user") @RequiredArgsConstructor @Slf4j public class UserCtrl { private final IUserService userService; @GetMapping("/{id}") @SneakyThrows @SentinelResource(value = "findById", fallback = "findByIdExt") public User findById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3); return userwww.devze.comService.findById(id); } public User findByIdExt(Long id) { log.error("触发熔断"); throw new IllegalStateException(String.format("id[{}]触发熔断", id)); } }
应用注册到sentinel dashboard
添加jvm启动参数:-Dcsp.sentinel.dashboard.server=${sentinel-dashboard域名}:9000指定客户端监控 API 的端口(默认是 8719)-Dcsp.sentinel.api.port=8720启动应用,进行一次接口调用
Sentinel 会在客户端首次调用的时候进行初始化,开始向控制台发送心跳包。配置熔断规则
效果
快速调用3次慢接口,可以看到触发熔断10秒熔断失效后可再次成功访问
不使用SentinelResource注解
慢接口代码
@RestController @RequestMapping(path = "/user") @RequiredArgsConstructor @Slf4j public class UserCtrl { private final IUserService userService; @GetMapping("/{id}") @SneakyThrows public User findById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) { TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(3); return userService.findById(id); } }
配置熔断规则
效果
快速访问多次慢接口对熔断统一添加异常处理
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.adapter.spring.webmvc.callback.blockExceptionHandler; import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON; import com.test.test.model.R; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; ckUguUimport javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; /** * @description sentinel 降级处理 * @date 2024/6/14 */ @Slf4j public class WebBlockExceptionHandler implehttp://www.devze.comments BlockExceptionHandler { @Override public void handle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse response, BlockException e) throws Exception { log.error(String.format("sentinel 降级 资源名称%s", e.getRule().getResource()), e); 编程客栈response.setContentType("application/json"); response.setStatus(HttpStatus.TOO_MANY_REQUESTS.value()); response.getWriter().print(JSON.toJSON(R.err(e.getMessage()))); } } import com.alibaba.cloud.sentinel.feign.SentinelFeignAutoConfiguration; import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.adapter.spring.webmvc.callback.BlockExceptionHandler; import com.test.test.hanlder.WebBlockExceptionHandler; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfigureBefore; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; /** * @description * @date 2024/6/14 */ @Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false) @AutoConfigureBefore(SentinelFeignAutoConfiguration.class) public class SentinelAutoConfiguration { @Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean public BlockExceptionHandler blockExceptionHandler() { return new WebBlockExceptionHandler(); } }
统一降级异常处理效果
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