如何用java编写微信小程序消息提醒推送

目录

• 一.先制定模板，我以已删除的模板为例
• 二.Java后台创建小程序 Vo类，用于封dhGpR装传送的参数。
• 1.获取小程序全局后台接口调用凭据，有效期最长为7200
• 2.发送消息给指定的用户
• 3.整合
• 4.测试
• 总结

一.先制定模板，我以已删除的模板为例

二.java后台创建小程序 Vo类，用于封装传送的参数。

import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class TemplateDataVo {
    /*微信文档中要求的格式 "data": { "name01": {"value": "某某"},"thing01": {"value": "广州至北京"
      } ,"date01": {"value": "2018-01-01"}
  }*/
    private String value;
}

import lombok.Data;
import java.util.Map;
/*
 * 小程序推送所需数据
 * */
@Data
public class WxMssVo {
    private String touser;//用户openid
    private String template_id;//模版id
    private String page = "pages/index/index";//默认跳到小程序首页
//    private String emphasis_keyword = "keyword1.DATA";//放大那个推送字段
    private Map<String, TemplateDataVo> data;//推送文字
}

1.获取小程序全局后台接口调用凭据，有效期最长为7200

  /*
     * 获取Access_token
     * appid和appsecret到小程序后台获取
     * */
    public String getAccess_token() {
        //获取access_token
        String appid = "*****";  //appid和appsecret到小程序后台获取
        String appsecret = "*****";  //appid和appsecret到小程序后台获取
        String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential" +
                "&appid=" + appid + "&secret=" + appsecret;
        if(restTemplate==null){
            restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
        }
        String json = restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);
        JSONObject myJson = JSONObject.parseobject(json);
        return myJson.get("access_token").toString();
    }

2.发送消息给指定的用户

  public String pushOneUser(String access_token, String openid, String type, String templateId, String[] keywords) {

        //如果access_token为空则从新获取
        if(StringUtils.isEmpty(access_token)){
            access_token = getAccess_token();
        }

        String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/subscribe/send" +
                "?access_token=" + access_token;

        //拼接推送的模版
        WxMssVo wxMssVo = new WxMssVo();
        wxMssVo.setTouser(openid);//用户openid
        /*wxMssVo.setForm_id(formId);//formIjavascriptd*/
        wxMssVo.setTemplate_id(templateId);//模版id
        Map<String, TemplateDataVo> m = new HashMap<>();
        if (type.equals("3")) {
            m.put("thing3", new TemplateDataVo(keywords[0]));
            m.put("time1", new TemplateDataVo(keywords[1]));
            m.put("thing4", new TemplateDataVo(keywords[2]));
            wxMssVo.setData(m);
        }

        if(restTemplate==null){
            restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
        }

        ResponseEntity<String> responseEntity =
                restTemplate.postForEntity(url, wxMssVo, String.class);
        log.error("小程序推送结果={}", responseEntity.getBody());
        return responseEntity.getBody();
    }

3.整合

package com.ac.project.task.utils;

import com.ac.project.task.service.impl.applet.WXServiceImpl;
import com.ac.project.task.vo.TemplateDataVo;
import com.ac.project.task.vo.WxMssVo;
import com.alibaba.druid.util.StringUtils;
import com.alibaba.fastjson2.JSONObject;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @program: coworking
 * @description: 微信工具类
 * @author: zhaozehui
 * @create: 2023-05-08 10:09
 **/
@Slf4j
public class weChatUtil {

    private static RestTemplate restTemplate;

    final Boolean flag = false;

    /**
     * description 1.获取用户的临时code
     * param [appid, redirectUrl]
     * return java.lang.String
     * author
     **/
    public static String getUserUathUrl(String appid, String redirectUrl) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
        StringBuffer getcodeUrl = new StringBuffer()
                .append("https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize")
                .append("?appid=" + appid)
                .append("&redirect_uri=" + URLEncoder.encode(redirectUrl, "utf-8"))
                .append("&response_type=code")
                .append("&scope=snsapi_userinfo")
                .append("&state=" + System.currentTimeMillis())
                .append("#wechat_redirect");

        return getcodeUrl.toString();
    }

    /**
     * description  2.获取用户的openid和access_token
     * param [appid, appSecret, code]
     * return java.lang.String
     * author
     **/
    public static String getBaseAccessTokenUrl(String appid, String appSecret, String code) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
        StringBuffer baseAccessTokenUrl = new StringBuffer()
                .append("https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token")
                .append("?appid=" + appid)
                .append("&secret=" + appSecret)
                .append("&code=" + code)
                .append("&grant_type=authorization_code");

        return baseAccessTokenUrl.toString();
    }

    /**
     * description  3.根据openid 获取用户的信息
     * param [accessToken, openid]
     * return java.lang.String
     * author
     **/
    public static String getBaseUserInfoUrl(String accessToken, String openid) {
        StringBuffer baseUserInfoUrl = new StringBuffer()
                .append("https://api.weixin.qq.com/snandroids/userinfo")
                .append("?access_token=" + accessToken)
                .append("&openid=" + openid)
                .append("&lang=zh_CN");
        return baseUserInfoUrl.toString();
    }

    /**
     * description 4检验授权凭证（access_token）是否有效
     * param [openid, accessToken]
     * return java.lang.String
     **/
    public static String checkAccessToken(String openid, String accessToken) {
        StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer().append(" https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/auth")
                .append("?access_token=" + accessToken)
                .append("&openid=" + openid);
        return stringBuffer.toString();
    }

    /**
     * description 微信小程序登录，通过code获取session_key和openid
     * param [appid, secret, code]
     * return java.lang.String
     * author
     **/
    public static String getCode2Session(String appid, String secret, String code) {
        StringBuffer code2Session = new StringBuffer()
                .append("ttps://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/jscode2session")
                .append("?appid=" + appid)
                .append("&secret=" + secret)
                .append("&js_code=" + code)
                .append("&grant_type=authorization_code");
        return code2Session.toString();
    }
    /**
     *    推送消息给指定的用户
     * @param access_token  app的token
     * @param openid 用户openid
     * @param type 类型 1派发模板 2.反馈提醒 3审核模板 4日期截至提醒模板
     * @param templateId 模板ID
     * @param keywords {与模板字段一一对应}
     * @return
     */
    public String pushOneUser(String access_token, String openid, String type, String templateId, String[] keywords) {

        //如果access_token为空则从新获取
        if(StringUtils.isEmphppty(access_token)){
            access_token = getAccess_token();
        }

        String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/subscribe/send" +
                "?access_token=" + access_token;

        //拼接推送的模版
        WxMssVo wxMssVo = new WxMssVo();
        wxMssVo.setTouser(openid);//用户openid
        /*wxMssVo.setForm_id(formId);//formId*/
        wxMssVo.setTemplate_id(templateId);//模版id
        Map<String, TemplateDataVo> m = new HashMap<>();
        if (type.equals("3")) {
            m.put("thing3", new TemplateDataVo(keywords[0]));
            m.put("time1", new TemplateDataVo(keywords[1]));
            m.put("thing4", new TemplateDataVo(keywords[2]));
            wxMssVo.setData(m);
        } else if (type.equals("1")) {
        /* [发起人,发布时间,任务名称,任务描述,结束时间]*/
            m.put("thing12",new TemplateDataVo(keywords[0]));
            m.put("date3",new TemplateDataVo(keywords[1]));
            m.put("thing4",new TemplateDataVo(keywords[2]));
            m.put("thing6",new TemplateDataVo(keywords[3]));
            m.put("time9",new TemplateDataVo(keywords[4]));

        }else if (type.equals("2")){
            
        }

        if(restTemplate==null){
            restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
        }

        ResponseEntity<String> responseEntity =
                restTemplate.postForEntity(url, wxMssVo, String.class);
        log.error("小程序推送结果={}", responseEntity.getBody());
        return responseEntity.getBody();
    }


    /*
     * 获取access_token
     * appid和appsecret到小程序后台获取，当然也可以http://www.devze.com让小程序开发人员给你传过来
     * */
    public String getAccess_token() {
        //获取access_token
        String appid = "";
        String appsecret = "";
        String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential" +
                "&appid=" + appid + "&secret=" + appsecret;
        if(restTemplate==null){
            restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
        }
        String json = restTemplate.getForObject(url, String.class);
        JSONObject myJson = JSONObject.parseObject(json);
        return myJson.get("access_token").toString();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(new WXServiceImpl().getAccess_token());

        WXServiceImpl wxService = new WXServiceImpl();
        String values[] = {"zzh7878","2023年5月8日 15:01","ceshi"};
        wxService.pushOneUser(wxService.getAccess_token()
                , "oM47R5KO0kFhsScuitgSJSjiN0s", "3", "QhJq4RvU7qGyf7FY_ZFc1sHJCTD8VkFvtHEx8uHwY4"
                , values);
    }

}

4.测试

注意：在前端调用方法时，只有发生点击行为或者支付行为才会出现订阅栏

微信小程序文档：wx.requestSubscribeMessage(Object object) | 微信开放文档

会出现以下弹窗

 未允许的话，会出现以下日志

 点击允许后，再次测试收到通知

总结

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