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python使用redis实现消息队列(异步)的实现完整例程

目录
  • 安装相关库
  • 消息队列实现及使用
    • 创建配置文件
    • 代码实现

最近在用fastapi框架开发web后端,由于近几年python异步编程大火,fastapi凭借高性能也火了起来。本篇介绍了在异步环境下实现Redis消息队列的方法,代码可以直接拷贝到fastapi中使用。

安装相关库

pip install aioredis

消息队列实现及使用

我们使用redis的stream类型作为消息队列的载体

首先我们创建一个目录作为项目目录:works/

创建配置文件

在项目根目录下新建文件works/.env

在文件中写入

export APP_ENV=development

export REDIS_URL="192.168.70.130/"
export REDIS_USER=
export REDIS_PASSWORD=
export REDIS_HOST="192.168.70.130"
export REDIS_PORT=6379

代码实现

在项目目录下创建py文件works/main.py

import os
from dotenv import load_dotenv
import aioredis
import asyncio

load_dotenv()

class Redis():
  def __init__(self):
    """initialize connection javascript"""
    self.REDIS_URL = os.environ['REDIS_URL']
    self.REDIS_PASSWORD = os.environ['REDIS_PASSWORD']
    self.REDIS_USER = os.environ['REDIS_USER']
    self.connection_url = f"redis://{self.REDIS_USER}:{self.REDIS_PASSWORD}@{self.REDIS_URL}"
    self.REDIS_HOST = os.environ['REDIS_HOST']
    self.REDIS_PORT = os.environ['REDIS_PORT']
   
  async def create_connection(self):
    self.connection = aioredis.from_url(
      self.c开发者_Redisonnection_url, db=0)

    return self.connection


class Producer:
  def __init__(self, redis_client):
    self.redis_client = redis_client

  async def add_to_stream(self, data: dict, stream_channel):
    """将一条数据添加到队列

    Args:
      data (dict): _description_
      stream_channel (_type_): _description_

    Returns:
      _type_: _description_
    """
    try:
      msg_id = await self.redis_client.xadd(name=stream_channel, id="*", fields=data)
      print(f"Message id {msg_id} added to {stream_channel} stream")
      return msg_id

    except Exception as e:
      raise Exception(f"Error sending msg to stream => {e}")

class StreamConsumer:
  def __init__(self, redis_client):
    self.redis_client = redis_client

  async def consume_stream(self, count: int, block: int, stream_channel):
    """读取队列中的消息,但是并不删除

    Args:
      count (int): _description_
      block (int): _description_
      stream_channel (_type_): _description_

    Returns:
      _type_: _description_
    """
    response = await self.redis_client.xread(
      streams={stream_channel: '0-0'}, count=count, block=block)

    return response

  async def delete_message(self, stream_channel, message_id):
    """成功消费数据后,调用此函数删除队列数据

    Args:
      stream_channel (_type_): _description_
      message_id (_type_): _description_
    """
    await self.redis_client.xdel(stream_channel, message_id)


async def main():
  redis_conn = await Redis().create_connection()
  produce = Producer(redis_conn)
  consumer = StreamConsumer(rphpedis_conn)
  # 添加一个消息到队列中
  data = {'xiaoming4':123}
  await produce.add_to_stream(data=data,stream_channel='message_channel')
 
  # 从队列中拿出最新的1条数据
  data = await consumer.consume_javascriptstream(1,block=0,stream_channel='message_channel')
  print(data)
 
  # 轮询等待队列中的新消息
  response = await consumer.consume_stream(stream_channel="message_channel", count=1, block=0)
  if respopythonnse:
    for stream, messagees in response:
      print('stream:',stream)
      for message in messagees:
        print('message: ',message)
        message_id = message[0]
        print('message_id: ',message_id)
        message_content = message[1]
        print('message_content: ',mhttp://www.devze.comessage_content)
        print('注意里面的键、值都变成了byte类型,需要进行解码:')
        message_content:dict
        print('message_content_decode: ',{k.decode('utf-8'):v.decode('utf-8') for k,v in message_content.items()})

  # 消费成功后删除队列中的消息
  await consumer.delete_message(
    stream_channel='message_channel',message_id=message_id
  )  

if __name__ == '__main__':
  asyncio.run(main())

非常简单好用,启动一下看看吧

到此这篇关于python使用redis实现消息队列(异步)的实现完整例程的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关python redis消息队列内容请搜索我们以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持我们!

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