How to type special letters in latex?

How to type the following special letters开发者_运维技巧 from European languages in latex?

ä, é, and L'

Thanks.

\"{a}
\'{e}

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Is this L the Unicode "Latin Capital (or Small) Letter L with Stroke" (used in Polish, among other languages)?

If so, try this:

Stanis\l aw Lem

or, to shout, this:

STANIS\L AW LEM!