Problems with updating records in django-admin

I'm using Django (specifically django-admin) to be the admin panel for a site that uses PHP for client-facing features. I've been messing around making the admin look exactly the way I want and so far so good. However, I've run into a few problems that I need solving.

Here's the models that I'm working with:

class Permissions(models.Model):
    id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)
    league_key = models.CharField(max_length=15) 
    commissioner_id = models.ForeignKey(Accounts, db_column='commissioner_id',
                                        to_field='id')
    status = models.IntegerField()
    key = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    publisher_key = models.CharField(max_length=25)
    publisher_display_name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    base_league = models.ForeignKey('self', db_column='id')
    share = models.IntegerField()
    default_fixture_key = models.CharField(max_length=50)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.publisher_key + ' / ' + self.league_key

    class Meta:
        db_table = u'permissions'
        verbose_name = 'Permissions'
        verbose_name_plural = 'Permissions'

class PermissionsAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('league_key', 'publisher_key', 'commissioner_id', 'status',
                    'base_league', 'share', 'default_fixture_key')
    list_display_links = ('league_key','commissioner_id', 'base_league')
    exclude = ('id',)

Firs开发者_运维问答t problem is that the admin form for editing an existing record is marking one of the fields as required. How do I tell the django-admin when a field is required and not required?

Second problem I am running into is that when I tell it to Save this record, I get the following error: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "permissions_pkey". That leads me to think that Django is not doing an update, it's trying to do an INSERT

It also occurred to me that this might be a problem related to Postgresql. permissions_pkey is a constraint on that table, keeping track of the sequence being used for auto-incrementing the id for that table

While the Django docs are awesome, they don't seem to have the info I need to figure this out.

(EDIT: Digging into the stack trace, I found this awesome little nugget:

sql 
'UPDATE "permissions" SET "league_key" = E\'l.1258472565 \', "commissioner_id" = 7,
 "status" = 0, "key" = E\'cfcd208495d565ef66e7dff9f98764da \', 
"publisher_key" =     E\'chrishartjes.com \', 
"publisher_display_name" = E\'Chris Hartjes Free Press \', 
"id" = 744, "share" = 0, 
"default_fixture_key" = E\'\' WHERE "permissions"."id" = 745 '

which leads me to think that my little ForeignKey to itself entry is causing the problem)

Problem 1: See the documentation on setting null and blank. Short story: setting null will allow the DB to store a null value. What you want here (most likely) is to set blank to True so that when it validates the model that field won't be required. If the field isn't a CharField, you should also set null to True. See the docs here: http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/models/fields/#field-options

Problem 2: I believe that what you want here is an AutoField, not an IntegerField. The difference is just that an AutoField will create a new id for you automatically when saving a new object. See the docs here: http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/models/fields/#autofield

Edit: (from my comment) Looking again I see that the error references permissions_pkey. Try replacing the id field with pkey = AutoField(primary_key=True).

1. On the field, put null=True in the field constructor if the field is not required. Edit: commenter says blank=True -- he's probably right -- I don't have the docs in front of me.
2. It does an insert if the ID is empty and an update if the id has a value. Not sure where the save you are talking about is happening, but that info might help. (there's a deleted answer that points out that the exclude('id') is probably causing this problem -- I think that's right as well)

Also, I agree about the docs. If you can read python, I highly suggest just trying to read the Django source code for the area you want to figure out. The source is some of the nicest, most readable source I've ever read. I've never had a problem just jumping in and reading it -- it's almost as good as a doc.

1. null=True, blank=True

2. You don't need to explicitly have the "id" column in your Permissions model, I believe that's what's causing your second problem.