Get an IP_ADDRESS_STRING from GetAdaptersAddresses()?

GetAdaptersAddresses() will get you addresses in IP_ADAPTER_UNICAST_ADDRESS format, which is defined as:

typedef struct _IP_ADAPTER_UNICAST_ADDRESS {
  union {
    struct {
      ULONG Length;
      DWORD Flags;
    } ;
  } ;
  struct _IP_ADAPTER_UNICAST_ADDRESS *Next;
  SOCKET_ADDRESS                     Address;
  IP_PREFIX_ORIGIN                   PrefixOrigin;
  IP_SUFFIX_ORIGIN                   SuffixOrigin;
  IP_DAD_STATE                       DadState;
  ULONG                              ValidLifetime;
  ULONG                              PreferredLifetime;
  ULONG                              LeaseLifetime;
  UINT8                              OnLinkPrefixLength;
} IP_ADAPTER_UNICAST_ADDRESS, *PIP_ADAPTER_UNICAST_ADDRESS;

The only field that seems to suggest the human-readable IP address string is Address, which is a SOCKET_ADDRESS structure defined as:

typedef struct _SOCKET_ADDRESS {
  LPSOCKADDR lpSockaddr;
  INT        iSockaddrLength;
} SOCKET_ADDRESS, *PSOCKET_ADDRESS;

Which, in turn, uses another structure, SOCKADDR, defined as:

Sorry, 开发者_运维百科it's way to complex to post here, as it varies depending on IPv4 vs. IPv6 and the Windows edition... so here is a link to the definition:

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms740496%28v=VS.85%29.aspx

If you haven't gotten dizzy yet like I did and followed through this maze of definitions, you probably noticed that it's a nightmare to retrieve the good old dotted string style of an IP address, as it used to be much easier using GetAdaptersInfo().

My question is: Is there a truly IP Helper function that can convert IP_ADAPTER_UNICAST_ADDRESS to an IPv4 dotted string (or an IPv6 string)?

You can use GetIpAddrTable - the returned data structure contains a DWORD dwAddr that is the IPv4 address. The sample code on that first link should show you what you want. Brief excerpt to show you what I mean:

if ( (dwRetVal = GetIpAddrTable( pIPAddrTable, &dwSize, 0 )) != NO_ERROR ) { 
    printf("GetIpAddrTable failed with error %d\n", dwRetVal);
    if (FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS, NULL, dwRetVal, MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),       // Default language
                      (LPTSTR) & lpMsgBuf, 0, NULL)) {
        printf("\tError: %s", lpMsgBuf);
        LocalFree(lpMsgBuf);
    }
    exit(1);
}

printf("\tNum Entries: %ld\n", pIPAddrTable->dwNumEntries);
for (i=0; i < (int) pIPAddrTable->dwNumEntries; i++) {
    printf("\n\tInterface Index[%d]:\t%ld\n", i, pIPAddrTable->table[i].dwIndex);
    IPAddr.S_un.S_addr = (u_long) pIPAddrTable->table[i].dwAddr;
    printf("\tIP Address[%d]:     \t%s\n", i, inet_ntoa(IPAddr) );

The IP_ADAPTER_UNICAST_ADDRESS contains a SOCKET_ADDRESS in Address, which in turn contains a LPSOCKADDR in lpSockAddr - you can convert this to the ipv4 string form using WSAAddressToString.

Take a look at the documentation for SOCKADDR. That leads us to the documentation for SOCKADDR_STORAGE, which is a helper struct for both IPv4 and IPv6.

Quote from the sockaddr documentation:

Winsock functions using sockaddr are not strictly interpreted to be pointers to a sockaddr structure. The structure is interpreted differently in the context of different address families.

For ipv4, you can cast a sockaddr pointer to a sockaddr_in pointer and then access the IPv4 address information from there. Then you can use your favorite string builder to produce a dotted-quad formatted string.

sockaddr_in* address = (sockaddr_in*) temp->Address.lpSockaddr;
uint32_t ipv4 = address->sin_addr.S_un.S_addr;
// First octet:  address->sin_addr.S_un.S_un_b.s_b1
// Second octet: address->sin_addr.S_un.S_un_b.s_b2
// Third octet:  address->sin_addr.S_un.S_un_b.s_b3
// Fourth octet: address->sin_addr.S_un.S_un_b.s_b4

I would imagine that you can also cast the address for ipv6 in a similar way given the struct definitions (copied below).

struct sockaddr {
        ushort  sa_family;
        char    sa_data[14];
};

struct sockaddr_in {
        short   sin_family;
        u_short sin_port;
        struct  in_addr sin_addr;
        char    sin_zero[8];
};

struct sockaddr_in6 {
        short   sin6_family;
        u_short sin6_port;
        u_long  sin6_flowinfo;
        struct  in6_addr sin6_addr;
        u_long  sin6_scope_id;
};

You can simply pass _SOCKET_ADDRESS.lpSockaddr and _SOCKET_ADDRESS.iSockaddrLength as lpsaAddress and dwAddressLength arguments to WSAAddressToString function. WSAAddressToString will do necessary conversion for you, no need to dig deeper.

function SOCKET_ADDRESS_ToString(const Addr: SOCKET_ADDRESS): String;
var
  Len: DWORD;
begin
  if (Addr.lpSockaddr = nil) or (Addr.iSockaddrLength <= 0) then
  begin
    Result := '';
    Exit;
  end;
  Len := 0;
  WSAAddressToString(Addr.lpSockaddr, Addr.iSockaddrLength, nil, nil, Len);
  SetLength(Result, Len);
  if WSAAddressToString(Addr.lpSockaddr, Addr.iSockaddrLength, nil, PChar(Result), Len) = 0 then
    SetLength(Result, Len - 1)
  else
    Result := '';
end;