How to check C source code against the current standard?

I'm continuing to learn C and would like to adhere to whatever is the current standard, but finding a good reference t开发者_如何学运维o that seems to be problem.

From what I've found online (mostly through Google and Wikipedia) is that the current standard used today is C99, more formally the ISO/IEC 9899:1999 standard.

When I'm writing C code, I often bring up a browser and do simple web searches for things like finding out the exact return values to the stdio.h function scanf. Mostly I just want to get into a good practice of adhering to the current standard, but even if I search for the specific string "C99 printf" or something like it, there doesn't seem to be one single place to find a definitive spec.

So I have two questions:

1) Is there a central C99 spec that is available online, maintained by the organization responsible for this standard?

[edit]: This first question has already been answered here: Where do I find the current C or C++ standard documents?. Thanks to James McNellis for pointing this out.

2) Is there a program that can parse a C source file to make sure it adheres to the C99 spec? I know there are programs like this to parse XHTML files and it seems like there should be one for C99 as well...

[edit]: I should also mention that I'm doing C development using gcc, specifically version 3.4.4. When I go to the main gcc website (http://gcc.gnu.org/) I'm still running into difficulty figuring out which compiler version supports which C specification.

The current standard for Programming Language C is ISO/IEC 9899:1999, published 1999-12-01

and

Published ISO and IEC standards can be purchased from a member body of ISO or IEC.

From your bestest buds in the standards world, ISO.

It's also worth noting the draft of the NEXT C standard is available in PDF.

Depending on what compiler you use you can ask it to check for you. For example with gcc you would run it like this:

gcc -Wall -Wextra -pedantic -std=c99 -o program program.c

You would replace program.c and program with the name of your program of course.

-Wall and -Wextra provide more warnings and tell you if you have done something funky. -pedantic provides more of that as well.

you can use -ansi if you really want to follow the ansi spec personally I don't use it since I'm lazy but it is more proper.

It is not actually possible to analyse a source file and conclusively determine that it complies with the C99 standard. C is different to XHTML in this regard, because C is a Turing-complete language and XHTML is not.

It is certainly possible to find many instances of non-conformance, but it's impossible to find them all. Consider, for example, a program that generates a printf format string on-the-fly - how can you statically determine that the format string will be conforming? What if it depends on the input given to the program? Consider also a program that right shifts signed integers - if the signed integer in question is never negative, then the program may be conforming, but if not then it is probably relying on implementation-defined results.

The draft for can be obtained here for free. You can also purchase the official one from the ansi store.