How can can I get emacs to insert closing braces automatically

I've just started using emacs, and there's one feature I'd really like, and searching around a bit was fruitless. I hope someone else has done this because I don't want to learn elisp just yet.

void foo()<cursor>

I would like typing an "{" to cause this to happen

void foo(){
    <cur开发者_Python百科sor>
}

I would like this to only happen in cc-mode, and only at the end of a line when not in a string/comment/etc

The first thing that came to mind was rebinding "{" to do this always(I could figure out how to do this myself), but it would be hard to make it only happen at the right time.

any hints would be appreciated.

on latest emacs you can use :

electric-pair-mode is an interactive compiled Lisp function.

(electric-pair-mode &optional ARG)

Automatically pair-up parens when inserting an open paren.

this is integrated in Emacs 24.1 (actually CVS)

This will do it:

(defun my-c-mode-insert-lcurly ()
  (interactive)
  (insert "{")
  (let ((pps (syntax-ppss)))
    (when (and (eolp) (not (or (nth 3 pps) (nth 4 pps)))) ;; EOL and not in string or comment
      (c-indent-line)
      (insert "\n\n}")
      (c-indent-line)
      (forward-line -1)
      (c-indent-line))))

(define-key c-mode-base-map "{" 'my-c-mode-insert-lcurly)

I heartily recommend you to try out the excellent autopair minor mode - it does a lot more than simply inserting braces and makes Emacs a lot more IDE like in that area. I guess combining it with the electric braces setting in cc-mode will give you more or less the behavior you seek.

turn on electric-pair-mode in emacs 24 or newer version.

(electric-pair-mode 1)

Try yasnippet (or on the Emacs Wiki page yasnippet). There are many packages for Emacs which support doing this kind of thing, but yasnippet seems to have momentum currently and is very extensible. Check out the videos.

You will need to delve into emacs-lisp to do this exactly as you wish, since YASnippet will do something nice for you but not exactly what you're asking for.

I think the simplest way to do this would be to bind a function to the RET key, in the cc-mode key-map.

The function should check to that the previous character is an { and if so, perform the required RET, RET, TAB, }, Up, TAB to get the cursor where you want and the closing } inserted.

You can make the feature more robust by having it check for a balanced closing } but this would be more complicated, and I'd recommend seeing how it feels without this additional polishing feature.

If you like I can write the function and the key-map binding for you, but since you asked for an idea of how it's done, I'll leave it up to you to ask for more assistance if you need it.

Alternatively, I find that autopair.el does this nicely enough for me, and I do the newlines myself ;)

You might want to keep the option of an empty function body, in which case you would want the closing brace to stay on the same line. If that is the case, then you can try this alternative solution:

1. Rely on the packages mentioned in the previous replies to automatically add the closing brace.

2. When you want to add statements to the function body, you press the Return key (while the automatically added closing brace is still under the cursor). The 'Return' key is bound as follows:

   ;; automatic first line in function                                             
   (defun my-c-mode-insert-funline ()
     (interactive)
     (newline-and-indent)
     (when (looking-at "}")
       (newline-and-indent)
       (forward-line -1)
       (c-indent-line)))
   (global-set-key (kbd "RET") 'my-c-mode-insert-funline)