Sharing variables across files in C

I have two files:

hudwidgets.c

#include "osd.h"
#include "osdadd.h"
#include <stdio.h>

struct TextSize tsize;
char buff[50];

void hud_draw_lin_compass(int cx, int cy, int tick_maj, int tick_min, int range, int heading)
{
    .. important code that uses buff ..
}

hud.c

#include "hudwidgets.h"
#include "hud.h"
#include "osd.h"
#include "osdadd.h"

.. some code ..

void hud_rc_plane_single_frame()
{
    fill_mem(0x0000);
    if((frame / 50) % 2 == 0)
    {
        get_next_warning(buff);
    }
    .. some more code ..
}

The problem I have is that when I try to compile this, the compiler complains of no buff defined, but when I try to define it, the linker complains of tw开发者_如何学运维o buff variables. Catch-22. To this end, I am asking two questions:

1. how to fix this, and;

2. if it is possible to use the same variable thus saving memory because only one variable needs to be allocated (working with a memory constrained microcontroller.)

You need this in the top of hud.c, and any other .c file you use them from:

extern struct TextSize tsize;
extern char buff[50];

The extern keyword tells the compiler that the "actual" variables already exist, in some other unit (file), and the linker will fix it all up for you in the end.

If you're doing this on a large scale in a project, consider how you might encapsulate globals in one place, and create a shared .h file that declares these things as "extern" for all the places that you use them from.

use "extern char buff[50];" in the files where you have not initialized the buff and want to use it. This tells that the declaration is done in other files and you are using it in this file.