How to reverse order of fields using AWK?
I have a file with the following layout:
123,01-08-2006
124,01-09-2007
125,01-10-2009
126,0开发者_运维技巧1-12-2010
How can I convert it into the following by using AWK?
123,2006-08-01
124,2007-09-01
125,2009-10-01
126,2009-12-01
Didn't read the question properly the first time. You need a field separator that can be either a dash or a comma. Once you have that you can use the dash as an output field separator (as it's the most common) and fake the comma using concatenation:
awk -F',|-' 'OFS="-" {print $1 "," $4,$3,$2}' file
Pure awk
awk -F"," '{ n=split($2,b,"-");$2=b[3]"-"b[2]"-"b[1];$i=$1","$2 } 1' file
sed
sed -r 's/(^.[^,]*,)([0-9]{2})-([0-9]{2})-([0-9]{4})/\1\4-\3-\2/' file
sed 's/\(^.[^,]*,\)\([0-9][0-9]\)-\([0-9][0-9]\)-\([0-9]\+\)/\1\4-\3-\2/' file
Bash
#!/bin/bash
while IFS="," read -r a b
do
IFS="-"
set -- $b
echo "$a,$3-$2-$1"
done <"file"
Unfortunately, I think standard awk
only allows one field separator character so you'll have to pre-process the data. You can do this with tr
but if you really want an awk
-only solution, use:
pax> echo '123,01-08-2006
124,01-09-2007
125,01-10-2009
126,01-12-2010' | awk -F, '{print $1"-"$2}' | awk -F- '{print $1","$4"-"$3"-"$2}'
This outputs:
123,2006-08-01
124,2007-09-01
125,2009-10-01
126,2010-12-01
as desired.
The first awk
changes the ,
characters to -
so that you have four fields separated with the same character (this is the bit I'd usually use tr ',' '-'
for).
The second awk
prints them out in the order you specified, correcting the field separators at the same time.
If you're using an awk
implementation that allows multiple FS
characters, you can use something like:
gawk -F ',|-' '{print $1","$4"-"$3"-"$2}'
If it doesn't need to be awk, you could use Perl too:
$ perl -nle 'print "$1,$4-$3-$2" while (/(\d{3}),(\d{2})-(\d{2})-(\d{4})\s*/g)' < file.txt
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