How to create a web server? [closed]
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开发者_如何学PythonClosed 10 years ago.
Improve this questionI understand that there are already alot of web server out there.
But i feel like creating one for learning purpose.
Is it something i should try to figure out and any guides or tutorials on this?
In java:
Create a ServerSocket and have this continually listen for connections - when a connection request comes in handle it by by parsing the HTTP request header, get the resource indicated and add some header information before sending back to the client. eg.
public class Server implements Runnable {
protected volatile boolean keepProcessing = true;
protected ServerSocket serverSocket;
protected static final int DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 100000;
protected ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
public Server(int port) throws IOException {
serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
serverSocket.setSoTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT);
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (keepProcessing) {
try {
Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
System.out.println("client accepted");
executor.execute(new HttpRequest(socket));
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
closeIgnoringException(serverSocket);
}
protected void closeIgnoringException(ServerSocket serverSocket) {
if (serverSocket != null) {
try {
serverSocket.close();
} catch (IOException ignore) {
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
try {
executor.execute(new WebServer(6789));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
final class HttpRequest implements Runnable {
final static String CRLF = "\r\n";
private Socket socket;
public HttpRequest(Socket socket) {
this.socket = socket;
}
public void run() {
try {
processRequest();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
private void processRequest() throws Exception {
DataOutputStream os = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket
.getInputStream()));
String requestLine = br.readLine();
System.out.println();
System.out.println(requestLine);
List<String> tokens = Arrays.asList(requestLine.split(" "));
Iterator<String> it = tokens.iterator();
it.next(); // skip over the method, which should be "GET"
String fileName = it.next();
fileName = "." + fileName;
FileInputStream fis = null;
boolean fileExists = true;
try {
fis = new FileInputStream(fileName);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
fileExists = false;
}
String statusLine = null;
String contentTypeLine = null;
String entityBody = null;
String contentType = null;
if (fileExists) {
statusLine = "HTTP/1.0 200 OK";
contentType = contentType(fileName);
contentTypeLine = "Content-type: " + contentType + CRLF;
} else {
statusLine = "HTTP/1.0 404 NOT FOUND";
contentType = "text/html";
contentTypeLine = "Content-type: " + contentType + CRLF;
entityBody = "<HTML>" + "<HEAD><TITLE>Not Found</TITLE></HEAD>"
+ "<BODY>" + statusLine + " Not Found</BODY></HTML>";
}
os.writeBytes(statusLine);
os.writeBytes(contentTypeLine);
os.writeBytes(CRLF);
if (fileExists) {
sendBytes(fis, os);
fis.close();
} else {
os.writeBytes(entityBody);
}
String headerLine = null;
while ((headerLine = br.readLine()).length() != 0) {
System.out.println(headerLine);
}
os.close();
br.close();
socket.close();
}
private static void sendBytes(InputStream fis, DataOutputStream os)
throws Exception {
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int bytes = 0;
while ((bytes = fis.read(buffer)) != -1) {
os.write(buffer, 0, bytes);
}
}
private static String contentType(String fileName) {
if (fileName.endsWith(".htm") || fileName.endsWith(".html")) {
return "text/html";
}
if (fileName.endsWith(".jpg") || fileName.endsWith(".jpeg")) {
return "image/jpeg";
}
if (fileName.endsWith(".gif")) {
return "image/gif";
}
if (fileName.endsWith(".txt")) {
return "text/plain";
}
if (fileName.endsWith(".pdf")) {
return "application/pdf";
}
return "application/octet-stream";
}
}
A Simple Webserver in C++ for Windows
Hope this helps you ; )
Alternatives
- This project contains a modular web server in CodePlex
- This article explains how to write a simple web server application using C# from CodeGuru
Start with understanding TCP/IP and the whole Internet protocol suite.
Then learn the HTTP 1.0 and 1.1 protocols.
That should start you on the way to understanding what you need to write in order to create a webserver from scratch.
Try asio from boost!
Boost.Asio is a cross-platform C++ library for network and low-level I/O programming that provides developers with a consistent asynchronous model using a modern C++ approach.
Most scripting language are capable and have plenty of examples on writing web servers. This route will give you a gentle introduction.
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