(shell) How to remove strings from one file which can be found in another file?

开发者_开发知识库file1.txt

aaaa
bbbb
cccc
dddd
eeee

file2.txt

DDDD
cccc
aaaa

result

bbbb
eeee

If it could be case insensitive it would be even more great!

Thank you!

grep can match patterns read from a file, and print out all lines NOT matching that pattern. Can match case insensitively too, like

grep -vi -f file2.txt file1.txt

Excerpts from the man pages:

SYNOPSIS
   grep [OPTIONS] PATTERN [FILE...]
   grep [OPTIONS] [-e PATTERN | -f FILE] [FILE...]

   -f FILE, --file=FILE
          Obtain  patterns  from  FILE,  one  per  line.  The empty file contains zero
          patterns, and therefore matches nothing.  (-f is specified by POSIX.)ns zero
          patterns, and therefore matches nothing.  (-f is specified by POSIX.)
   -i, --ignore-case
          Ignore case distinctions in both the PATTERN and the input  files.   (-i  is
          specified by POSIX.)ions in both the PATTERN and the input  files.   (-i  is
          specified by POSIX.)
   -v, --invert-match
          Invert  the  sense  of  matching,  to  select  non-matching  lines.   (-v is
          specified by POSIX.)of  matching,  to  select  non-matching  lines.   (-v is
          specified by POSIX.)

From the top of my head, use grep -Fiv -f file2.txt < file1.txt.

-F no regexps (fast)

-i case-insensitive

-v invert results

-f <pattern file> get patterns from file

$ grep -iv -f file2 file1
bbbb
eeee

or you can use awk

awk 'FNR==NR{ a[tolower($1)]=$1; next }
{
  s=tolower($1)
  f=0
  for(i in a){if(i==s){f=1}}
  if(!f) { print s }
} ' file2 file1

ghostdog74's awk example can be simplified:

awk '
    FNR == NR { omit[tolower($0)]++; next }
    tolower($0) in omit {next}
    {print}
' file2 file1

For various set operations on files see: http://www.pixelbeat.org/cmdline.html#sets

In your case the inputs are not sorted, so you want the difference like:

sort -f file1 file1 file2 | uniq -iu