c++11 foreach syntax and custom iterator

I am writing an iterator for a container which is being used in place of a STL container. Currently the STL container is being used in many places with the c++11 foreach syntax eg: for(auto &x: C). We have needed to update the code to use a custom class that wraps the STL container:

template< typename Type>
class SomeSortedContainer{
    std::vector<typename Type> m_data; //we wish to iterate over this
    //container implementation code
};    
class SomeSortedContainerIterator{
    //iterator code
};

How do I get auto to use the correct iterator for the 开发者_如何学Pythoncustom container so the code is able to be called in the following way?:

SomeSortedContainer C;
for(auto &x : C){
    //do something with x... 
}

In general what is required to ensure that auto uses the correct iterator for a class?

To be able to use range-based for, your class should provide const_iterator begin() const and const_iterator end() const members. You can also overload the global begin function, but having a member function is better in my opinion. iterator begin() and const_iterator cbegin() const are also recommended, but not required. If you simply want to iterate over a single internal container, that's REALLY easy:

template< typename Type>
class SomeSortedContainer{

    std::vector<Type> m_data; //we wish to iterate over this
    //container implementation code
public:
    typedef typename std::vector<Type>::iterator iterator;
    typedef typename std::vector<Type>::const_iterator const_iterator;

    iterator begin() {return m_data.begin();}
    const_iterator begin() const {return m_data.begin();}
    const_iterator cbegin() const {return m_data.cbegin();}
    iterator end() {return m_data.end();}
    const_iterator end() const {return m_data.end();}
    const_iterator cend() const {return m_data.cend();}
};    

If you want to iterate over anything custom though, you'll probably have to design your own iterators as classes inside your container.

class const_iterator : public std::iterator<random_access_iterator_tag, Type>{
    typename std::vector<Type>::iterator m_data;
    const_iterator(typename std::vector<Type>::iterator data) :m_data(data) {}
public:
    const_iterator() :m_data() {}
    const_iterator(const const_iterator& rhs) :m_data(rhs.m_data) {}
     //const iterator implementation code
};

For more details on writing an iterator class, see my answer here.

You have two choices:

• you provide member functions named begin and end that can be called like C.begin() and C.end();
• otherwise, you provide free functions named begin and end that can be found using argument-dependent lookup, or in namespace std, and can be called like begin(C) and end(C).

As others have stated, your container must implement begin() and end() functions (or have global or std:: functions that take instances of your container as parameters).

Those functions must return the same type (usually container::iterator, but that is only a convention). The returned type must implement operator*, operator++, and operator!=.

To my knowledge SomeSortedContainer just needs to provide begin() and end(). And these should return a standard compliant forward iterator, in your case SomeSortedContainerIterator, which would actually wrap a std::vector<Type>::iterator. With standard compliant I mean it has to provide the usual increment and dereferencing operators, but also all those value_type, reference_type, ... typedefs, which in turn are used by the foreach construct to determine the underlying type of the container elements. But you might just forward them from the std::vector<Type>::iterator.