How do I make variables (generated dynamically within a class) usable elsewhere in the program?

I'm writing a program that reads a series of tasks from an XML file and puts them within dynamically generated "task" objects (e.g., task1, task2, task3, task4 etc.). Each taskXX object has properties (task1->name, for example) that are populated by data in the XML file.

My program runs through the XML file and generates a bunch of objects filled with data. However, I can't use those objects in the rest of my program.

Why is this the case? I'm pretty sure this has to do with scope but I can't seem to figure it out. Also, I'm not keen on using the global keyword.

Here's some of the code:

// -- CODE INSIDE FILE: class_todos.php 开发者_如何学JAVA-- //
class readTodos {
    public function loadAll() {
        $counter = 0;

        $xml = simplexml_load_file("todos.xml");

        foreach($xml->task as $task) {
            ${'task'.$counter} = new Task;
            $theTask = ${'task'.$counter};

            $theTask -> set('id',   $task['id']);
            $theTask -> set('name', $task->name);
            $theTask -> set('note', $task->note);
            // and so on and so on...

            counter++;
        }
    }
}

// -- CODE INSIDE FILE: class_task.php -- //
class Task {
    private $id;
    private $name;
    private $note;
    // etc. etc.

    public function set($varname,$value) {
        $this->$varname = $value;
    }
    public function get($varname) {
        return $this->$value;
    }
}

// -- CODE INSIDE FILE: index.php -- //
require_once('class_todos.php');

<ul class="todo-list">
    <?php
        echo $task0 -> get('name');
        // The above statement give the error statement: "Undefined variable: task0"
        // I know for sure that $task0 IS defined within the scope of the class "readTodos".
        // How do I make the $task0 (and upwards... e.g., task1, task2, task3, etc.)
        // available for use in the rest of my program?
    ?>
</ul>

You can't use classes that way. The loadAll method should return an array of tasks instead of creating variables. When it creates variables inside the method, it's scope is limited to that method as therefore, it's not available outside it. You should also consider making that function static.

Instead, use something like this:

class TodoManager {
    public static function loadAll() {
        $counter = 0;

        $xml = simplexml_load_file("todos.xml");
        $allTasks = array();

        foreach($xml->task as $task) {
            $theTask = new Task;
            $theTask->set('id',   $task['id']);
            $theTask->set('name', $task->name);
            $theTask->set('note', $task->note);
            // and so on and so on...

            // Add this todo to the array.
            $allTasks[] = $theTask;
        }

        return $allTasks;
    }
}

Your HTML should then do:

$todos = TodoManager::loadAll(); // Note, I've renamed your class to TodoManager.

// Loop through the todos.
foreach ( $todos as $todo )
{
  echo $todo->get('name');

  // Do more useful stuff.
}

PHP is function scoped. That means that variables you declare inside a function are not visible outside the function. You are just saying $theTask = ${'task'.$counter}; without doing anything with $theTask. You could keep an array of tasks as a class member.

Local variables are lost when the function exits. Store the results in an array and store that array on the current object.