Finding out whether a string is numeric or not

How can we check if a string is made up of numbers only. I am taking out a substring from a string and want to check if it is a numeric substring or not.

NSString *newString = [myString substrin开发者_如何学运维gWithRange:NSMakeRange(2,3)];

Here's one way that doesn't rely on the limited precision of attempting to parse the string as a number:

NSCharacterSet* notDigits = [[NSCharacterSet decimalDigitCharacterSet] invertedSet];
if ([newString rangeOfCharacterFromSet:notDigits].location == NSNotFound)
{
    // newString consists only of the digits 0 through 9
}

See +[NSCharacterSet decimalDigitCharacterSet] and -[NSString rangeOfCharacterFromSet:].

I'd suggest using the numberFromString: method from the NSNumberFormatter class, as if the number is not valid, it will return nil; otherwise, it will return you an NSNumber.

NSNumberFormatter *nf = [[[NSNumberFormatter alloc] init] autorelease];
BOOL isDecimal = [nf numberFromString:newString] != nil;

Validate by regular expression, by pattern "^[0-9]+$", with following method -validateString:withPattern:.

[self validateString:"12345" withPattern:"^[0-9]+$"];

1. If "123.123" is considered
   • With pattern "^[0-9]+(.{1}[0-9]+)?$"
2. If exactly 4 digit numbers, without ".".
   • With pattern "^[0-9]{4}$".
3. If digit numbers without ".", and the length is between 2 ~ 5.
   • With pattern "^[0-9]{2,5}$".
4. With minus sign: "^-?\d+$"

The regular expression can be checked in the online web site.

The helper function is as following.

// Validate the input string with the given pattern and
// return the result as a boolean
- (BOOL)validateString:(NSString *)string withPattern:(NSString *)pattern
{
    NSError *error = nil;
    NSRegularExpression *regex = [NSRegularExpression regularExpressionWithPattern:pattern options:NSRegularExpressionCaseInsensitive error:&error];

    NSAssert(regex, @"Unable to create regular expression");

    NSRange textRange = NSMakeRange(0, string.length);
    NSRange matchRange = [regex rangeOfFirstMatchInString:string options:NSMatchingReportProgress range:textRange];

    BOOL didValidate = NO;

    // Did we find a matching range
    if (matchRange.location != NSNotFound)
        didValidate = YES;

    return didValidate;
}

Swift 3 version:

Test in playground.

import UIKit
import Foundation

func validate(_ str: String, pattern: String) -> Bool {
    if let range = str.range(of: pattern, options: .regularExpression) {
        let result = str.substring(with: range)
        print(result)
        return true
    }
    return false
}

let a = validate("123", pattern: "^-?[0-9]+")
print(a)

You could create an NSScanner and simply scan the string:

NSDecimal decimalValue;
NSScanner *sc = [NSScanner scannerWithString:newString];
[sc scanDecimal:&decimalValue];
BOOL isDecimal = [sc isAtEnd];

Check out NSScanner's documentation for more methods to choose from.

I think the easiest way to check that every character within a given string is numeric is probably:

NSString *trimmedString = [newString stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:[NSCharacterSet decimalDigitCharacterSet]];

if([trimmedString length])
{
    NSLog(@"some characters outside of the decimal character set found");
}
else
{
    NSLog(@"all characters were in the decimal character set");
}

Use one of the other NSCharacterSet factory methods if you want complete control over acceptable characters.

Swift 3 solution if need to verify that the string has only digits:

CharacterSet.decimalDigits.isSuperset(of: CharacterSet(charactersIn: myString))

This original question was about Objective-C, but it was also posted years before Swift was announced. So, if you're coming here from Google and are looking for a solution that uses Swift, here you go:

let testString = "12345"
let badCharacters = NSCharacterSet.decimalDigitCharacterSet().invertedSet

if testString.rangeOfCharacterFromSet(badCharacters) == nil {
    print("Test string was a number")
} else {
    print("Test string contained non-digit characters.")
}

to be clear, this functions for integers in strings.

heres a little helper category based off of John's answer above:

in .h file

@interface NSString (NumberChecking)

+(bool)isNumber:(NSString *)string;

@end

in .m file

#import "NSString+NumberChecking.h"

@implementation NSString (NumberChecking)

+(bool)isNumber {
    if([self rangeOfCharacterFromSet:[[NSCharacterSet decimalDigitCharacterSet] invertedSet]].location == NSNotFound) {
        return YES;
    }else {
        return NO;
    }
}

@end

usage:

#import "NSString+NumberChecking.h"

if([someString isNumber]) {
    NSLog(@"is a number");
}else {
    NSLog(@"not a number");
}

Swift 3 solution could be like:

extension String {

    var doubleValue:Double? {
        return NumberFormatter().number(from:self)?.doubleValue
    }

    var integerValue:Int? {
        return NumberFormatter().number(from:self)?.intValue
    }

    var isNumber:Bool {
        get {
            let badCharacters = NSCharacterSet.decimalDigits.inverted
            return (self.rangeOfCharacter(from: badCharacters) == nil)
        }
    }
}

An extension of @John Calsbeek's answer, and clarification of @Jeff and @gyratory circus's comments.

+ (BOOL)doesContainDigitsOnly:(NSString *)string
{
    NSCharacterSet *nonDigits = [[NSCharacterSet decimalDigitCharacterSet] invertedSet];

    BOOL containsDigitsOnly = [string rangeOfCharacterFromSet:nonDigits].location == NSNotFound;

    return containsDigitsOnly;
}

+ (BOOL)doesContainNonDigitsOnly:(NSString *)string
{
    NSCharacterSet *digits = [NSCharacterSet decimalDigitCharacterSet];

    BOOL containsNonDigitsOnly = [string rangeOfCharacterFromSet:digits].location == NSNotFound;

    return containsNonDigitsOnly;
}

The following can be added as category methods for NSString

- (BOOL)doesContainDigitsOnly
{
    NSCharacterSet *nonDigits = [[NSCharacterSet decimalDigitCharacterSet] invertedSet];

    BOOL containsDigitsOnly = [self rangeOfCharacterFromSet:nonDigits].location == NSNotFound;

    return containsDigitsOnly;
}

- (BOOL)doesContainNonDigitsOnly
{
    NSCharacterSet *digits = [NSCharacterSet decimalDigitCharacterSet];

    BOOL containsNonDigitsOnly = [self rangeOfCharacterFromSet:digits].location == NSNotFound;

    return containsNonDigitsOnly;
}

John Calsbeek's answer is nearly correct but omits some Unicode edge cases.

Per the documentation for decimalDigitCharacterSet, that set includes all characters categorized by Unicode as Nd. Thus their answer will accept, among others:

• १ (U+0967 DEVANAGARI DIGIT ONE)
• ᠑ (U+1811 MONGOLIAN DIGIT ONE)