how to populate a listview asynchronously?

I am wondering how I should implement a ListAdapter that loads its views asynchronously into a ListView? I want to do this because I am po开发者_StackOverflow中文版pulating the list with information from my database, which is making my activity a bit slow to load at times.

You can use an AsyncTask and use the onPostExecute methods to publish the newly loaded results:

private ArrayAdapter adapter = new YourArrayAdapter();

private class YourAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, List<YourItem>> {

    @Override
    protected void onPreExecute() {
        // start loading animation maybe?
        adapter.clear(); // clear "old" entries (optional)
    }

    @Override
    protected List<YourItem> doInBackground(Void... params) {
        // everything in here gets executed in a separate thread
        return DataBase.getItems();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(List<YourItem> items) {
        // stop the loading animation or something
        adapter.addAll(items);
    }
}

The best approach I've seen so far is from CommonsWare. It was found in this related answer.

public class AsyncDemo extends ListActivity {
  private static final String[] items={"lorem", "ipsum", "dolor",
                                      "sit", "amet", "consectetuer",
                                      "adipiscing", "elit", "morbi",
                                      "vel", "ligula", "vitae",
                                      "arcu", "aliquet", "mollis",
                                      "etiam", "vel", "erat",
                                      "placerat", "ante",
                                      "porttitor", "sodales",
                                      "pellentesque", "augue",
                                      "purus"};
  @Override
  public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.main);

    setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,
                        android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,
                        new ArrayList<String>()));

    new AddStringTask().execute();
  }

  class AddStringTask extends AsyncTask<Void, String, Void> {
    @Override
    protected Void doInBackground(Void... unused) {
      for (String item : items) {
        publishProgress(item);
        SystemClock.sleep(200);
      }

      return(null);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onProgressUpdate(String... item) {
      ((ArrayAdapter<String>)getListAdapter()).add(item[0]);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(Void unused) {
      Toast
        .makeText(AsyncDemo.this, "Done!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
        .show();
    }
  }
}

The easiest thing is to use an AsyncTask to do the loading and call publishProgress as each item is loaded (or, if you want to load all items and have them appear all at once, update the UI in onPostExecute

Is .notifyDataSetChanged() possibly what you're after? Each time you add a new item to the list that backs the ArrayAdapter, you can call .notifyDataSetChanged() on that adapter instance to tell it to refresh. This way your ListView can gradually build up and display each item as they're added to the list.

Use AsyncTask. That can help you to retrieve your data in background.

With Kotlin and the Kotlin extension libraries, this task has gotten way easier. You can use the doAsync/uiThread construct in a library called Anko with a fraction of the code. In the link tutorial below I use this library to populate a ListView with stock quotes calling a REST API Asynchronously with Kotlin. Kotlin is fully integrated into Android Studio:

http://www.todroid.com/creating-a-stock-pricing-application-with-kotlin-for-android/