Could someone explain this C++ syntax? [duplicate]

This question already has answer开发者_JS百科s here: Closed 11 years ago.

Possible Duplicate:

What is this weird colon-member syntax in the constructor?

Hi, I recently came across this syntax in a C++ program. This is not passing parameters to a base class constructor as I know what that looks like and how to code it. This looks like some sort of variable initialization for the class... Here is the code:

class Particle
{
private:
  bool movable;
  float mass;
  Vec3 pos;
  Vec3 old_pos; 
  Vec3 acceleration;
  Vec3 accumulated_normal;
public:
  Particle(Vec3 pos)
  : pos(pos),
    old_pos(pos),
    acceleration(Vec3(0,0,0)),
    mass(1),
    movable(true),
    accumulated_normal(Vec3(0,0,0))
  {}

  Particle() {}

  // More unrelated code
};

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Initialisation lists can be used to initialise member variables as well as parents. This is the correct way of writing a constructor - initialisation like this is more efficient than doing assignment in the constructor body, and is likely semantically more correct.

---

That's the syntax for member initialization, as you surmised. Contrast this:

class C
{
private:
  int i;
public:
  C(int i_) : i(i_) {} // initialization
};

with:

class C
{
private:
  int i;
public:
  C(int i_) { i = i_; } // assignment
};

It's generally better to initialize members rather than assigning to them in the constructor body, and there are some cases where it's essential (one example would be references).