How can I get the intersection, union, and subset of arrays in Ruby?
I want to create different methods for a class called Mul开发者_如何学Gotiset.
I have all the required methods, but I'm unsure of how to write intersection, union, and subset methods.
For intersection and union, my code starts like this:
def intersect(var)
x = Multiset.new
end
Here is an example:
X = [1, 1, 2, 4]
Y = [1, 2, 2, 2]
then the intersection of X
and Y
is [1, 2]
.
I assume X
and Y
are arrays? If so, there's a very simple way to do this:
x = [1, 1, 2, 4]
y = [1, 2, 2, 2]
# intersection
x & y # => [1, 2]
# union
x | y # => [1, 2, 4]
# difference
x - y # => [4]
Source
Utilizing the fact that you can do set operations on arrays by doing &
(intersection), -
(difference), and |
(union).
Obviously I didn't implement the MultiSet to spec, but this should get you started:
class MultiSet
attr_accessor :set
def initialize(set)
@set = set
end
# intersection
def &(other)
@set & other.set
end
# difference
def -(other)
@set - other.set
end
# union
def |(other)
@set | other.set
end
end
x = MultiSet.new([1,1,2,2,3,4,5,6])
y = MultiSet.new([1,3,5,6])
p x - y # [2,2,4]
p x & y # [1,3,5,6]
p x | y # [1,2,3,4,5,6]
If Multiset
extends from the Array
class
x = [1, 1, 2, 4, 7]
y = [1, 2, 2, 2]
z = [1, 1, 3, 7]
UNION
x.union(y) # => [1, 2, 4, 7] (ONLY IN RUBY 2.6)
x.union(y, z) # => [1, 2, 4, 7, 3] (ONLY IN RUBY 2.6)
x | y # => [1, 2, 4, 7]
DIFFERENCE
x.difference(y) # => [4, 7] (ONLY IN RUBY 2.6)
x.difference(y, z) # => [4] (ONLY IN RUBY 2.6)
x - y # => [4, 7]
INTERSECTION
x.intersection(y) # => [1, 2] (ONLY IN RUBY 2.7)
x & y # => [1, 2]
For more info about the new methods in Ruby 2.6, you can check this blog post about its new features
精彩评论