How are access times, modified times, encodings and filenames stored in files on NTFS and EXT3/4?

For academic and task related purposes I need to know how is file related data associated within files on NTFS and EXT. How does the operating system know file's name? How do editors know in which encoding to treat the file contents?

Are these details stored on a separate information location on the NTFS/E开发者_如何学JAVAXT or are they included within the file itself?

On NTFS such information is stored not in the file itself but in the master file table (MFT).

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