Why does this PHP code give a Parse Error [closed]

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for my mini forum I have a "topics" table with fields id(int), title(txt) and post(txt) and I am trying to get the user to see different pages depending on the topics they click on via topicPage.php:

  <?
//send a query to retrieve all titles from the topics database
$query = "SELECT * FROM topics" ;
$result = mysql_query($query) or die ("something went wrong with this query");

    ?>

<span class="subtext">  <?
while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
echo "<a href = 'topicPage.php?tid=$row['id']'>" .$row['title']. " </a>"." <br>" ." &l开发者_JAVA技巧t;br>";

}
?>

I get a parse error on the line with the echo function.

Here's the exact error:

Parse error: syntax error, unexpected T_ENCAPSED_AND_WHITESPACE, expecting T_STRING or T_VARIABLE or T_NUM_STRING in /index.php on line 85

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The following part :

echo "<a href = 'topicPage.php?tid=$row['id']'>";

is too complex.

You must help PHP find out what is the variable, using the Complex (curly) syntax :

echo "<a href = 'topicPage.php?tid={$row['id']}'>";

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Using single quotes these kind of issues seldom appear:

echo '<a href="topicPage.php?tid='.$row['id'].'">'.$row['title'].'</a><br /><br />';

Also, you don't need to concatenate the <br /> tags like that, you can supply them in one big hunk of string.

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echo "<a href = 'topicPage.php?tid=" . $row['id'] . "'>" .$row['title']. " </a>"." <br>" ." <br>";

try to keep same style ...

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Treat $row['id'] the same way as $row['title'].