How to make height squeeze with css
I've got an example mht file here that will help demonstrate my issue; if you are using FF then this addon will help you view the mht file. You will prob need to download the file and view it locally since github doesn't provide the right mime type for the file.
Basically my issue is this that I have a div which is 32px in height surrounding another div which is 29px in height, and I have no idea why the former is 32px tall.. It should be 29px tall afaict.. I don't want to set height:29px tho because if you r开发者_C百科esize the window so that the nav items take two lines then the height shouldn't be 29px for either div.
So what is wrong here?
make the following changes-
(-) to make your ul and wrapper div bottoms to align change class #navigationSecondary ul.base
to have a display:table; instead of display:inline-block;
(-) to remove the 3px of blue at the bottom change class #navigationSecondary to have padding:0; as sugested by Marcel.
the use of display: inline-block; on the ul.base is the cause.
when you use that it formats an element like it were inline (it only formats the actual content of the element like a block), so ul.base will have the usual 2-3px top and bottom "padding" that a normal inline element has. It's not really padding it's the leading vertical spacing i.e. it's what gives lines enough space to provide for the ascenders and descenders of letters like g, h, p, etc.
the use of it here is to make it seem like your ul is containing the floated child list elements. To make an element contain it's floated children there are other ways to do this, one way is, on ul.base
remove: display: inline-block
add: overflow: hidden;
[UPDATED] re the tabs.. sorry I didn't see them before I started
Here's the "float everything" solution to containing child floats as it applies to your code, with some other suggestions too
.menuContainerall it needs is position:relative; and the border-right rule.navigationSecondaryfloat it left with a width of 100%; (you can remove z-index it's not doing anything).wrapperfloat it left with a width of 100%, remove the heightul.basedoesn't actually need anything but remove the display-inline-block.. it's not containing the child lists but there's no effect involved, if you want to you can float it left with a 100% width too
[UPDATE 2] I just copied this to a plain HTML document and I think that just changing the DOCTYPE to an HTML4 transitional one solves the problems with no changes to the code ?? (why that should change the display be I don't quite know! - but the use of "target=_parent" is "not allowed" in Strict Doctypes so that'll be why it's not validating)
I'll put it in JSBIN so others can try it out on various browsers
I changed it to:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
jsbin (with original HTML5 doctype) is here http://jsbin.comhttp://jsbin.com/agihe5/2/ - shows gap
jsbin with changed Doctype - but no changes to CSS code - with flash video to show dropdowns are working is here : http://jsbin.com/inare6/2 - no gap!
jsbin with no changes to Doctype, suggested changes to code and the flash insert to show z-index working is here: http://jsbin.com/iriya4
with the latter, code changes are detailed in the source, they have moved to the bottom of the snapshot CSS
I've tested the changed Doctype version as working in IE7, IE8, FF3.6.15, Safari4 (Win) and Chrome
Providing a test case which requires me to use Firefox and download an extension to view it is highly annoying.
I just did it anyway (purely because of the bounty), and the only change you need to make to your test case is:
- On
#navigationSecondary ul.base, addvertical-align: top. - The extra height is gone.
Here's a demo based on @clairesuzy's demo titled "jsbin (with original HTML5 doctype)".
(The only change was adding the aforementioned CSS rule):
http://jsbin.com/agihe5/3
The other answers may work (I didn't test them), but (providing I've understood the issue properly), this is by far the easiest fix.
Apparently #navigationSecondary has padding:0 0 3px; set in unnamed-1.css on line 2.
Everything inside ul.base has a height of 24px. Itself has a padding of 2px. So it's height is 26px. It's parent div.wrapper has a height of 29px, 3px extra. It's not caused by the 3px padding of div#navigationSecondary. Nothing is contributing the extra 3px so I'm suspecting a float issue. Anyway I managed to fix it by floating 2 divs.
- Add
float: left; width: 100%;to div.wrapper and div#navigationSecondary. - Remove
display: inline-block;from ul.base.
Floating div.wrapper and div#navigationSecondary collapses them to their nearest floated child element, in this case li.base, and removes the extra 3px. 100% width brings back the stretch.
Hope this helps.
<body style="zoom:0.99; -moz-transform: scale(0.99); -moz-transform-origin: 0 0;">
adjust accordingly, and change hight and width around
Of course. This is simple. A very elementary element positioning issue.
inline-block default vertical-positioning
ul.base is an inline-block. which means that it has spacing calculated like a block, but positioned like an inline-element.
The default positioning of inline-element is to align on the baseline of text. However, text goes below the baseline for letters such as g, j, q etc. This is called "descenders".
The height of a box is always from the top of the font to the bottom of the descenders.
The wrapper takes on the height of its children. Which means that the inline-block ul.base, positioned on the baseline.
Your font at that particular size happens to have a 3-pixel descender. Voila. Your mysterious 3-pixel gap is merely the text's descenders. And your inline-block element is positioned on the baseline (i.e. on top of that 3 pixels).
Tests to confirm that this is right
- Change font size. You'll see that 3-pixel changes. Change font size to small enough and it'll reduce to a 1px descender. Your so-called "gap" will shrink.
- Change
ul.baseto something other than aninline-block(of course you have to add something to clear the floats inside). It will no longer have the 3 pixels at the bottom because a non-inline element is not positioned on the baseline. - Position
ul.baseon the absolute bottom instead of the default (baseline). That 3-pixel gap disappears. Use this CSS rule:vertical-align:bottom
Morale of the story
You always have to be careful with baseline positioning whenever you use inline-block display style.
Off topic
Handling font descenders is especially frustrating with Asian languages. As you know, CJK languages do not have characters that go below the baseline. However, they are typically placed on the baseline (so that they can inter-mix with other European languages, which have descenders). However, when one places a block of text with a background containing only Asian characters, the text will look like it is moved to the top, with an ugly empty gap on the bottom (the descender).
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